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相同产地3种龙胆属植物根及根茎中化学成分的差异分析
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          李 睿    1, 2* ,张莹莹 ,刘卫红 ,宋艳秋 ,李龙星 ,李海峰 (1.大理大学药学院,云南 大理 671003;2.云南省
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          滇西抗病原植物资源筛选研究重点实验室,云南 大理 671003;3.大理大学图书馆,云南 大理 671003;4.大
          理大学公共卫生学院,云南 大理 671003;5.大理大学分析测试中心,云南 大理 671003)
          中图分类号  R284.1;R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)03-0303-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.03.10

          摘  要  目的  为从龙胆属植物中挖掘坚龙胆可替代资源提供依据。方法  采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对3种龙胆属植物(坚龙
          胆、头花龙胆、微籽龙胆)根及根茎中4种活性成分(龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷、獐牙菜苷和苦龙胆酯苷)的含量进行测定;采用超高效
          液相色谱-电喷雾-四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱联用(UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS)技术对上述植物根及根茎中化学成分进行鉴定,并进
          行主成分分析(PCA)。结果  头花龙胆与坚龙胆根及根茎中均含有龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷、獐牙菜苷和苦龙胆酯苷这4种活性成
          分,其中头花龙胆和坚龙胆根及根茎中龙胆苦苷含量均是2020年版《中国药典》(一部)限量标准的4倍以上;而微籽龙胆根及根茎
          中仅检测到獐牙菜苦苷、獐牙菜苷和苦龙胆酯苷,其中的獐牙菜苷和苦龙胆酯苷含量分别是坚龙胆的34.12、8.81倍。通过UPLC-
          ESI-Q-TOF-MS技术从3种龙胆属植物根及根茎中共鉴定出33种化合物,主要为环烯醚萜类成分;此外,坚龙胆和头花龙胆中还
          含有 酮类成分,微籽龙胆中还含有黄酮类成分。PCA结果显示,头花龙胆和坚龙胆差异较小,而微籽龙胆与坚龙胆差异较大。
          结论  同一产地头花龙胆与坚龙胆根及根茎的化学成分差异较小,存在可替代性;而微籽龙胆与坚龙胆根及根茎的化学成分差异
          较大,不能代替坚龙胆入药。
          关键词  坚龙胆;头花龙胆;微籽龙胆;环烯醚萜类成分;化学成分;含量测定;鉴定

          Difference  analysis  of  chemical  components  in  roots  and  rhizomes  of  3  medicinal  plants  of  Gentiana  from

          the same origin
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          LI Rui ,ZHANG Yingying ,LIU Weihong ,SONG Yanqiu ,LI Longxing ,LI Haifeng (1.  College  of
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          Pharmacy,  Dali  University, Yunnan  Dali  671003,  China;2. Yunnan  Key  Laboratory  of  Screening  and  Research
          on  Anti-pathogenic  Plant  Resources  from  West  Yunnan,  Yunnan  Dali  671003,  China;3.  Library  of  Dali
          University,  Yunnan  Dali  671003,  China;4.  College  of  Public  Health,  Dali  University,  Yunnan  Dali  671003,
          China;5. Analysis and Testing Center, Dali University, Yunnan Dali 671003,China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  provide  reference  for  exploring  alternative  resources  of  Gentiana  rigescens  from  the  plants  of
          Gentiana. METHODS The contents of four components (gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, swertioside and amarogentin) in the roots
          and rhizomes from 3 plants of Gentiana (G. rigescens, G. cephalantha, G. delavayi) were determined by high-performance liquid
          chromatography (HPLC).  The  chemical  compositions  in  the  above  roots  and  rhizomes  were  identified  by  ultra-performance  liquid
          chromatography electrospray ionization quarter-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS), and the differences were
          analyzed  by  principal  component  analysis (PCA).  RESULTS  Four  active  components  such  as  gentiopicroside,  swertiamarin,
          swertioside  and  amarogentin  were  detected  in  the  roots  and  rhizomes  of  G.  rigescens  and  G.  cephalantha,  and  the  contents  of  the
          four  components  were  similar  in  both. The  contents  of  gentiopicroside  in  the  root  and  rhizome  of  G.  cephalantha  and  G.rigescens
          were  more  than  four  times  of  the  limit  standard  of  the  Chinese  Pharmacopoeia (Part  Ⅰ)  in  2020;  However,  only  swertiamarin,
                                                             swertioside  and  amarogentin  were  detected  in  the  roots  and
             Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81960712);云南省
          科技计划项目(No.202001BA070001-054);云南省滇西抗病原植物资          rhizomes  of  G. delavayi,  and  the  contents  of  swertioside  and
          源筛选研究重点实验室开放课题立项项目(No.APR202108)                   amarogentin  were  34.12  and  8.81  times  of  those  of  G.
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:药用植物品质评价及生物技                   rigescens,  respectively.  In  addition,  a  total  of  33  compounds
          术。E-mail:515227235@qq.com
                                                             were  identified  from  the  roots  and  rhizomes  of  3  plants  of
             # 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,硕士。研究方向:药用植物品质评
          价及生物技术。E-mail:lihfzh888@sina.com                   Gentiana   by   UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS,   mainly   iridoids.


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第3期                                                 China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 3    · 303 ·
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