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事实上,美国FDA尚未正式批准任何一种精神药物                             risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn:
          可以用于妊娠期,因为没有任何一种精神药物对胎儿的                                population based cohort study from the five Nordic coun‐
          发育是绝对安全的。妊娠期使用抗抑郁药的情况分析                                 tries[J]. BMJ,2012,344:d8012.
          显示,在 2004-2010 年期间,英国和丹麦 2 个国家西酞                   [ 9 ]  NIJENHUIS C M,TER HORST P G,VAN REIN N,et al.
                                                                  Disturbed development of the enteric nervous system after
          普兰和舍曲林的使用量稳步增加,帕罗西汀的使用量略
                                                                  in utero exposure of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibi‐
                                                      [17]
          有下降;但帕罗西汀在意大利和荷兰却很受欢迎 。
                                                                  tors  and  tricyclic  antidepressants.  Part  2:testing  the  hy‐
          2005-2014 年美国使用 SSRI 的数据分析显示,大约
                                                                  potheses[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol,2012,73(1):126-134.
          4.3% 的美国孕妇使用过 SSRI,最常见的药物是舍曲林
                                                             [10]  JIMENEZ-SOLEM E,ANDERSEN J T,PETERSEN M,
         (49.0%),但帕罗西汀的使用率在降低;艾司西酞普兰和                             et al. SSRI use during pregnancy and risk of stillbirth and
                                      [18]
          舍曲林在高收入人群中使用更多 。总体而言,相关指
                                                                  neonatal  mortality[J].  Am  J  Psychiatry,2013,170(3):
          南建议在妊娠早期避免使用帕罗西汀,使用帕罗西汀可                                299-304.
          能会增加新生儿先天性心血管畸形的风险,围产期首选                           [11]  PALMSTEN K,HERNÁNDEZ-DÍAZ S,HUYBRECHTS
          药物包括舍曲林和西酞普兰 。本研究也表明,妊娠中                                K F,et al. Use of antidepressants near delivery and risk of
                                  [19]
          晚期使用帕罗西汀与使用 SSRI 相比安全性相当,但需                             postpartum  hemorrhage:cohort  study  of  low  income
          警惕新生儿肺动脉高压的发生。因此,在妊娠期应尽量                                women in the United States[J]. BMJ,2013,347:f4877.
          选择其他安全性更高的抗抑郁药。                                    [12]  PALMSTEN K,HUYBRECHTS K F,MICHELS K B,et
              由于本研究纳入的人群为妊娠期妇女,研究对象较                              al. Antidepressant use and risk for preeclampsia[J]. Epide‐
          为特殊,纳入的文献数量有限,这可能会对研究结果产                                miology,2013,24(5):682-691.
                                                             [13]  BÉRARD A,BOUKHRIS T,SHEEHY O. Selective sero‐
          生一定的影响;另外,孕妇不良妊娠结局以及新生儿不
                                                                  tonin  reuptake  inhibitors  and  autism:additional  data  on
          良结局影响因素较多,这可能也会影响研究结果。为进
                                                                  the Quebec Pregnancy/Birth Cohort[J]. Am J Obstet Gyne‐
          一步明确妊娠中晚期使用帕罗西汀对母婴结局的影响,
                                                                  col,2016,215(6):803-805.
          仍需继续收集相关研究数据。
                                                             [14]  王年生,李荣琴 . SSRIs 的戒断症状[J]. 四川精神卫生,
          参考文献                                                    1998,11(1):69-70.
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          中国药房  2023年第34卷第3期                                                 China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 3    · 365 ·
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