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基于Kano理论的我国社会药房药学服务优化研究
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茅颜祺 ,谢士钰 ,田 侃 (1.南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 210023;2.南京中医药大学养老服
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务与管理学院,南京 210023)
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)02-0133-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.02.02
摘 要 目的 辨析社会药房药学服务需求层级与具体内涵,为我国社会药房优化药学服务提供建议。方法 以Kano理论为分析
框架,通过文献梳理识别消费者对社会药房药学服务不同层级的需求,并根据不同层级需求内容与特点,提出我国社会药房药学
服务优化的思路与建议。结果与结论 我国社会药房药学服务需求分为3个层级,基本型需求包括确保药品的可及、安全及有效;
期望型需求包括个性化的用药指导与用药管理、便捷高效的远程购药与服务;魅力型需求包括健康服务与管理、专业优质的服务
体验。社会药房应以药品保障为核心,实现优质优价,充分满足基本型需求;以患者用药管理为抓手,专业服务与模式创新双驱
动,全面响应期望型需求;以公众健康为目标,拓宽服务内容与体验价值,适时满足消费者的魅力型需求。
关键词 社会药房;药学服务;服务优化;Kano理论
Research on the optimization of pharmaceutical care in Chinese social pharmacy based on Kano theory
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MAO Yanqi ,XIE Shiyu ,TIAN Kan(1. School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of
Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;2. School of Elderly Care Service and Management, Nanjing
University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify the demand levels and specific connotations of pharmaceutical care in social pharmacy
based on Kano theory, and to provide suggestions for the optimization of pharmaceutical care in Chinese social pharmacy.
METHODS Using Kano theory as the analysis framework, the needs of consumer for different levels of pharmaceutical care in
social pharmacy were identified through literature combing. The ideas and suggestions were proposed for the optimization of
pharmaceutical care in Chinese social pharmacy based on the content and characteristics of different levels of needs. RESULTS &
CONCLUSIONS The demands for pharmaceutical care in Chinese social pharmacy were divided into three levels, among which
the basic demand included ensuring the accessibility, safety and effectiveness of drugs; the expectation demand included
personalized medication guidance and management, convenient and efficient medication purchasing services triggered by consumer
upgrading; the charming demand included health services and management, professional and high-quality service experience. Social
pharmacies should take drug security as the core, achieve high quality and good price, and fully meet basic demand; take patient
medication management as the grip, conduct double-drive professional services and model innovation to fully respond to
expectation demand; take public health as the goal, broaden service content and experience value, and meet the charming demand
of consumer at the right time.
KEYWORDS social pharmacy; pharmaceutical care; service optimization; Kano theory
社会药房也叫零售药店,是我国药品零售领域除医 行业竞争进入白热化阶段 。目前,我国社会药房大多
[2]
[1]
疗机构外第二重要的销售渠道 。近年来,在处方外流、 仍保留传统的实体经营模式,以销售药品为主,药学服
带量采购、“互联网+”等政策与商业趋势的影响下,我国 务质量不高且深度不够,出现同质化竞争、毛利率下滑
[3]
药品零售总体规模虽不断放大,但增速逐步放缓,总量 甚至客流流失危机 。已有学者就社会药房药学服务的
趋近饱和,新开门店增速由原来的5%以上降至0~3%, 发展现状、面临困境、质量评价等方面展开了诸多研
Δ 基金项目 江 苏 省 中 医 药 管 理 局 科 技 发 展 委 托 专 项(No. 究 [4―6] ,但有关社会药房药学服务精准优化的直接讨论
2021WTZX02) 则相对较少。如何科学挖掘需方需求,更为精准地定位
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :药 事 管 理 。 E-mail: 服务内容,成为社会药房发展升级面临的重要问题。
1301246748@qq.com
Kano 理论是用来识别需方需求并对其进行分类分
# 通信作者 教授,博士生导师。研究方向:药事管理。E-mail:
[7]
tiankan@njucm.edu.cn 层的理论工具 。目前,Kano理论已被普遍应用于卫生
中国药房 2023年第34卷第2期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 2 · 133 ·