Page 134 - 《中国药房》2022年23期
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·综述·


          牡丹皮采收加工方法和质量控制研究进展
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          刘 洋 ,郭庆梅 ,宋艳梅(山东中医药大学药学院,济南 250355)
          中图分类号  R943.1;R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2022)23-2940-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.23.24
          摘   要  牡丹皮为常用大宗药材,在我国有两千多年的药用历史。本研究系统总结了牡丹皮的采收期与生长年限,产地加工过程
          中涉及的刮皮、抽心、趁鲜切制、硫磺熏蒸、干燥和贮存,以及商品规格等级、质量控制方法等方面的研究概况。结果显示,牡丹皮
          一般种植5~6年后在秋季的晴天采收为宜;连丹皮的整体质量优于刮丹皮,故建议牡丹皮加工过程中可不刮皮而只抽心;牡丹皮
          趁鲜切制较为适宜,可避免饮片中有效成分在中间流通环节因贮存时间久而造成损失;牡丹皮趁鲜切制后宜采用远红外、避光、真
          空包装等适当的方法干燥、贮藏,可最大程度地保存药效;硫磺熏蒸不仅影响牡丹皮的质量,且极易导致二氧化硫超标,故在产地
          加工过程中不建议对牡丹皮进行硫熏处理;牡丹皮可分为凤丹皮、连丹皮、刮丹皮3种规格,根据其长度和直径可划分为4个等级。
          目前已有多种方法(高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法等)用于牡丹皮质量控制研究,但是否能反映牡丹皮的整体质量还需更深
          入的研究和探讨。牡丹皮是否刮皮应结合其他相关因素(如临床药效、农药残留及重金属含量等)综合考虑,其趁鲜切制的工艺参
          数仍需进一步优化。
          关键词  牡丹皮;采收;加工;质量控制

          Research progress on harvesting and processing methods and quality control of Moutan Cortex
          LIU Yang,GUO Qingmei,SONG Yanmei(College  of  Pharmacy,  Shandong  University  of  Traditional  Chinese
          Medicine, Jinan 250355, China)

          ABSTRACT    Moutan  Cortex,  a  common  bulk  traditional  Chinese  medicine,  has  a  long  medicinal  history  of  more  than  2  000
          years. This study systematically summarizes the research overview of Moutan Cortex in the term of harvest time and growth years,
          and  peeling,  heart  pumping,  cutting  while  fresh,  sulfur  fumigation,  drying  and  storage  involved  in  the  processing  in  producing
          area,  as  well  as  commodity  specifications  and  grades,  quality  control  methods.  The  results  show  that  it  is  suitable  to  harvest
          Moutan  Cortex  on  sunny  days  in  autumn  after  5-6  years  of  planting.  The  overall  quality  of  Moutan  Cortex  retained  cork  is  better
          than that of Moutan Cortex removed cork. It is recommended that the processing of Moutan Cortex may be considered to retain cork
          but remove xylem. It is more suitable to cut Moutan Cortex when it is fresh, in order to avoid the loss of the active ingredients due
          to the long storage time in the middle circulation. The fresh-cut pieces of Moutan Cortex can be dried and stored by the appropriate
          methods  such  as  far-infrared  drying,  avoiding  light  and  vacuum  packing,  which  can  preserve  the  efficacy  to  the  greatest  extent.
          Sulfur fumigation treatment not only affects the quality of Moutan Cortex, but also easily leads to excessive sulfur dioxide. It is not
          recommended to use the method of sulfur fumigation in the processing of Moutan Cortex in the production area. Moutan Cortex can
          be  divided  into  three  specifications:  Fengdan,  Liandan  and  Guadan,  which  are  divided  into  four  grades  according  to  their  length
          and diameter. At present, many methods (HPLC, GC-MS) have been used for quality control of Moutan Cortex, but whether they
          can reflect the overall quality of Moutan Cortex needs further research and discussion. Whether the Moutan Cortex is scraped should
          be  considered  in  combination  with  other  relevant  factors (such  as  clinical  efficacy,  pesticide  residues  and  heavy  metal  content),
          and the process parameters of fresh-cut Moutan Cortex still need to be further optimized.
          KEYWORDS     Moutan Cortex; harvesting; processing; quality control



              牡 丹 皮 为 毛 茛 科 植 物 牡 丹 Paeonia  suffruticosa     血、温毒发斑、吐血衄血、夜热早凉、无汗骨蒸、经闭痛
                                                                                      [1]
          Andr. 的干燥根皮,味苦、辛,微寒,归心、肝、肾经,具有                      经、跌扑伤痛、臃肿疮毒等症 。据相关文献报道,牡丹
          清热凉血、活血化瘀的功效,临床上多用于治疗热入营                            皮化学成分复杂,主要含有酚及酚苷类、单萜及其苷类、
                                                              三萜类、甾醇及其苷类、黄酮类成分,另外还含有大量的
              Δ 基金项目 山东省自然科学基金资助项目(No.ZR2021MH123)                            [2―6]
                                                              挥发油及微量元素           。牡丹皮为常用大宗药材,在我
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中药质量分析与资源开发。
          E-mail:liuyang95315@163.com                         国有两千多年的药用历史,主产于安徽、重庆、山东、河
                                                              南等地,其中以安徽铜陵和南陵所产的药材为道地
              # 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药质量分析与
                                                                  [7]
          资源开发。E-mail:qmguo@sina.com                          药材 。

          · 2940 ·    China Pharmacy  2022 Vol. 33  No. 23                            中国药房  2022年第33卷第23期
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