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Asp预处理可显著上调模型大鼠心肌组织中miR-340-5p                     [ 6 ]  DINGH S,YANG J,YANG J,et al. Fluvastatin attenuated
          的表达,而抑制miR-340-5p的表达则可逆转Asp对大鼠                          ischemia/reperfusion-induced autophagy and apoptosis in
          心肌I/R损伤的保护作用。由此笔者推测,Asp可能通过                             cardiomyocytes through down-regulation HMGB1/TLR4
                                                                  signaling pathway[J]. Mol Biol Rep,2021,48(5):3893-
          上调 miR-340-5p 的表达来发挥心肌保护作用。有研究
                                                                  3901.
          指出,成熟的miRNA与其靶mRNA的3′-UTR序列配对
                                                             [ 7 ]  吴咏梅 . 疏血通与阿司匹林合用对大鼠脑缺血/再灌注
          结合后,可被整合到RNA诱导的沉默复合体中,从而导                               损伤的药效学研究[D].长春:长春中医药大学,2018.
          致靶 mRNA 降解 。本课题前期研究证实,HMGB1 编
                        [18]
                                                             [ 8 ]  WU X L,WEI M H,ZHANG H F,et al. The protective ef‐
          码基因是miR-340-5p的靶基因,且过表达的miR-340-5p                      fect of aspirin against myocardial hypertrophy in rats[J].
                                      [4]
          可显著降低 HMGB1 蛋白的表达 。结合本研究结果发                             Biomed Res Int,2021,2021:2043415.
          现,miR-340-5p介导的HMGB1通路在Asp保护心肌I/R                  [ 9 ]  WU Z J,LI X W,LI X Y,et al. Effects of aspirin on myo‐
          损伤中发挥了作用。据报道,HMGB1 已被鉴定为内源                              cardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through STAT3
          性 TLR4 配体,可通过与髓样分化蛋白 2 结合来激活                            signaling pathway[J]. Biomed Res Int,2021,2021:
          TLR4 。有研究指出,抑制 HMGB1/TLR4 信号通路可                         9931885.
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          抑制心肌细胞凋亡、自噬和炎症反应等,可见该通路可                           [10]  YANG J,YANG C J,YANG J,et al. RP105 alleviates
          能与改善缺血性心肌损伤有关 。本研究结果显示,经                                myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via inhibiting
                                    [6]
                                                                  TLR4/TRIF signaling pathways[J]. Int J Mol Med,2018,
          Asp预处理后,HMGB1、TLR4蛋白的相对表达量均显著
                                                                  41(6):3287-3295.
          降低,而HMGB1过表达可部分逆转Asp对心肌I/R损伤
          的改善作用,提示 HMGB1/TLR4 信号通路可能参与了                      [11]  MCCORMICK-ELL J,CONNELL N. Laboratory safety,
                                                                  biosecurity,and responsible animal use[J]. ILAR J,2019,
          Asp 的 I/R 损伤保护机制。miR-340-5p 与 HMGB1 的靶                  60(1):24-33.
          向 关 系 分 析 结 果 显 示 ,miR-340-5p 可 靶 向 负 调 控          [12]  WENZ J,XIN H,WANGY C,et al. Emerging roles of
          HMGB1的表达。                                               circRNAs in the pathological process of myocardial in-
              综上所述,Asp 可通过调节 miR-340-5p/HMGB1/                    farction[J]. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids,2021,26:828-848.
          TLR4 通路来减轻炎症反应和氧化应激,减少心肌组织                         [13]  WIJNTJENSG W,FENGLER K,FUERNAU G,et al.
          中的细胞凋亡,进而发挥对心肌 I/R 损伤的保护作用。                             Prognostic implications of microcirculatory perfusion ver‐
          然而,Asp 的主要作用靶点为环氧合酶 1/2 和前列腺素                           sus macrocirculatory perfusion in cardiogenic shock:a
          E2,上述靶点是否与 miR-340-5p/HMGB1/TLR4 信号通                    CULPRIT-SHOCK substudy[J]. Eur Heart J Acute Cardio‐
          路关联尚有待探究;此外,本研究并未单独设置不受药                                vasc Care,2020,9(2):108-119.
                                                             [14]  HAUSENLOYD J,SCHULZ R,GIRAO H,et al. Mito‐
          物干预的 miR-340-5p、HMGB1 过表达组,加之心肌 I/R
          损伤调控机制复杂,故Asp的具体机制和其他途径仍有                               chondrial ion channels as targets for cardioprotection[J]. J
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          待进一步论证。                                            [15]  ANDREADOU I,SCHULZ R,PAPAPETROPOULOS A,
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          中国药房    2022年第33卷第20期                                            China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 20  ·2513·
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