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房颤患者抗凝治疗信息化药学监护路径的探索与实践                                                            Δ



        李 静 ,周 晓,宋惠珠,马红燕,宫 颖,钱正月(南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院药学部,江苏 无锡
               *
        214023)


        中图分类号 R95;R972          文献标志码 A           文章编号     1001-0408(2022)17-2162-05
        DOI   10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.17.23

        摘   要   目的 建立房颤患者抗凝治疗信息化药学监护路径,提高房颤患者治疗有效性和安全性。方法 借助我院医疗及智能决策
        支持系统开发“抗凝药学监护”模块,对房颤患者进行血栓栓塞及出血风险评估,对抗栓药医嘱开展前置审核,实施疗效监护、药物
        相互作用监控及不良反应(ADR)预警,完成患者的全程化管理。结果 共纳入接受抗凝治疗的1 228例患者,分析其医嘱后发现
        9.27%纠正了错误的抗凝方案,3.99%调整了潜在不良相互作用或ADR风险医嘱,医嘱干预成功率为70.29%。实行信息化药学
        监护后,抗凝治疗率由88.73%提高至97.40%,华法林治疗患者的凝血国际标准化比值院内达标率由38.64%提高至66.67%,严重
        出血事件发生率由2.94%降至0.37%(P<0.05)。结论 房颤患者抗凝治疗信息化药学监护路径可实现对患者全面、高效、精准的
        管理,提高抗凝治疗的合理率、有效性及安全性。
        关键词 房颤;抗凝治疗;信息化;药学监护路径

        Exploration and practice of information-based pharmaceutical care pathway of anticoagulant therapy in
        patients with atrial fibrillation
        LI Jing,ZHOU Xiao,SONG Huizhu,MA Hongyan,GONG Ying,QIAN Zhengyue(Dept. of Pharmacy,the
        Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Wuxi 214023,China)


        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To develop the information-based pharmaceutical care pathway of anticoagulant therapy in patients
        with atrial fibrillation and improve the efficacy and safety of treatment for them. METHODS The“anticoagulant pharmaceutical
        care”module was developed on the basis of medical intelligent and decision system. Patients with atrial fibrillation were taken
        pharmaceutical care in the whole anticoagulant treatment by evaluating the thromboembolism and bleeding risks,pre-reviewing
        antithrombotic prescriptions,monitoring efficacy and drug interactions,and warning adverse reactions. RESULTS A total of 1 228
        patients receiving anticoagulant therapy were enrolled. It was found after analysis of their doctor’s orders that 9.27% of the patients
        adjusted the improper antithrombotic therapies,3.99% modulated treatments according to the effects of potential drug interactions
        or the risk of adverse reactions,and 70.29% of the wrong prescriptions were intervened successfully. After the information-based
        pharmaceutical care,the anticoagulation treatment rate increased from 88.73% to 97.40%,the rate of patients’achievements to
        warfarin’s international normalized ratio in hospital increased from 38.64% to 66.67% ,and the incidence of serious bleeding
        events decreased from 2.94% to 0.37% (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The information-based pharmaceutical care path of
        anticoagulant therapy achieved comprehensive,efficient and accurate management of patients with atrial fibrillation,and improved
        the rationality,effectiveness and safety of anticoagulant therapy.
        KEYWORDS     atrial fibrillation;anticoagulant therapy;informatization;pharmaceutical care pathway


            心房颤动(简称“房颤”)是老年人的常见病、多发                         范用药,也可能导致出血风险,甚至危及生命                     [3-4] 。因
        病,可明显增加缺血性脑卒中等血栓事件风险。对存在                            此,在房颤抗凝治疗过程中,如何降低药品不良反应
        血栓高风险的房颤患者应给予华法林或新型口服抗凝                            (adverse drug reaction,ADR)发生风险,提高患者治疗有
        药(novel oral anticoagulants,NOACs)治疗 [1-2] ,但由于我    效性和安全性,具有重要意义。
        国房颤患者对疾病危害的认知不足或药物治疗依从性                                 研究发现,药师参与住院患者抗凝管理,通过查房、
        不佳,导致抗凝治疗不足,未能有效地降低血栓事件的                            医嘱审核、抗凝效果监测及药物剂量调整、患者教育等,
        发生频率。再者,抗凝治疗是一把“双刃剑”,即使规                            可提高抗凝治疗的质量,使用药更加安全、有效                    [5-6] 。但
                                                            靠人工跟进的管理模式效率较为低下,无法满足整个住
            Δ 基金项目 江苏省药学会-天晴医院药学基金科研项目(No.
                                                            院房颤患者大群体的全面管理需求,如李哲等 在14个
                                                                                                    [7]
        Q202034);无锡市科技发展资金项目(No.Y20212022)
            *第一作者 副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:心内科临床药学。电                   月内仅对 101 例房颤患者实施了全程化药学监护,腊翠
                                                                [8]
        话:0510-85351288。E-mail:wx_xm@sina.com               林等 利用40个月时间仅对130例房颤患者进行了抗凝

        ·2162 ·  China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 17                                 中国药房    2022年第33卷第17期
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