Page 12 - 《中国药房》2022年16期

贵阳市医保定点零售药店空间分布及其相关因素研究 Δ

张可人 ，何 迅 ，燕小凡，崔 杏，廖伟科，朱 薇（贵州医科大学医药卫生管理学院，贵阳 550025）
＊
#
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2022）16-1926-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.16.02

摘 要 目的 为贵阳市科学引导药品零售业发展和执行国家卫生政策提供理论依据。方法 通过统计年鉴、数据云及百度地图应
用程序编程接口坐标获取器等获得数据资料，运用基于地理信息系统的空间分析方法分析贵阳市医保定点零售药店（简称“定点
药店”）的空间分布特征及可达性，并运用统计学方法分析影响贵阳市定点药店分布的相关因素。结果 贵阳市的定点药店数量、
2
每千人定点药店数量、每10 km 定点药店数量分别从2020年的2 018、0.41、2.51家增加到2021年的2 500、0.42、3.11家，增长率分
别为 23.89％、2.44％、23.90％。贵阳市居民步行在 15 min 内到达的定点药店，其服务面积仅占贵阳市定点药店服务总面积的
10.27％。相关性分析结果表明，贵阳市地区生产总值、社会消费品零售总额、人口数量、城镇居民人均可支配收入与定点药店数
量的相关系数分别为0.999、0.999、0.977、0.992（P均小于0.05）。结论 贵阳市定点药店布局辐射范围不足，各行政区定点药店发展
不平衡，药店布局明显受经济和人口因素的影响。建议当地可探索科学合理扩大城乡定点药店覆盖面的策略，以适宜的经济及人
口政策促进药店合理布局，并注重提升定点药房服务能力，从而改善人民群众的生活品质、引导药品零售业的健康高质量发展。
关键词 医保定点零售药店；空间分布；贵阳；因素分析

Study on the spatial distribution and related factors of medical insurance designated retail pharmacies in
Guiyang
ZHANG Keren，HE Xun，YAN Xiaofan，CUI Xing，LIAO Weike，ZHU Wei（School of Medical and Health
Management，Guizhou Medical University，Guiyang 550025，China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To provide theoretic support for Guiyang to scientifically guide the development of drug retail
industry and implement national health policies. METHODS The data were collected through statistical yearbook，data cloud，
coordinate acquisition device of Application Programming Interface of Baidu map and so on. The spatial distribution characteristics
and accessibility of medical insurance designated retail pharmacies（shorted for“designated pharmacies”）in Guiyang were analyzed
by spatial analysis based on Geographic Information System. The related factors for the distribution of designated pharmacies in
Guiyang were analyzed by statistical method. RESULTS The number of designated pharmacies，designated pharmacies per
2
thousand people and designated pharmacies per 10 km in Guiyang increased from 2 018，0.41 and 2.51 in 2020 to 2 500，0.42 and
3.11 in 2021，with growth rates of 23.89％，2.44％ and 23.90％ respectively. The service area of the designated pharmacies that
residents of Guiyang reached within 15 minutes on foot was 10.27％ of the total service area of designated pharmacies in Guiyang.
The results of correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the regional gross regional production，total
retail sales of consumer goods，population，urban per capita disposable income and the number of designated pharmacies in
Guiyang were 0.999，0.999，0.977 and 0.992，respectively （all P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of designated
pharmacies is insufficient in Guiyang，the development of designated pharmacies in various administrative regions is uneven，and
the layout of pharmacies is significantly affected by economic and demographic factors. It is suggested that the local government
should explore the strategy of scientifically and reasonably expanding the coverage of designated pharmacies in urban and rural
areas，promote the rational layout of pharmacies with appropriate economic and demographic policies，and pay attention to
improving the service capacity of designated pharmacies，so as to improve the quality of life of the people and guide the healthy
and high-quality development of drug retail industry.
KEYWORDS medical insurance designated retail pharmacies；spatial distribution；Guiyang；factors analysis

Δ 基 金 项 目 贵 州 省 教 育 厅 高 校 人 文 社 科 研 究 项 目 零售药店作为直接向患者提供所需药品和保健服
（No.2019zc012）；贵州医科大学社会科学联合会人文社会科学理论创 务的基本医疗单元，是医疗保健系统的重要组成部分，
新课题（No.2020XSKL04）
[1]
在保障居民身心健康工作中发挥着重要作用 。医保定
＊ 第 一 作 者 讲 师 ，硕 士 。 研 究 方 向 ：药 事 管 理 。 E-mail：
点零售药店（以下简称“定点药店”）则在此基础上深入
19619795@qq.com
# 通 信 作 者 教 授 ，硕 士 。 研 究 方 向 ：药 事 管 理 。 E-mail： 契合了我国医疗保障制度的运行逻辑，成为我国居民健
2812878586@qq.com 康保障体系实施的重要载体之一。定点药店在区域内

·1926 · China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 16 中国药房 2022年第33卷第16期