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药品管理准入协议应用的国际经验及对我国的启示


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        王颖香 ,陈 磊,徐怀伏(中国药科大学国际医药商学院,南京 211198)
              *
        中图分类号 R95          文献标志码 A           文章编号 1001-0408(2022)11-1295-05
        DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.11.03

        摘  要   目的 助力药品医保准入,提高药品可及性和可负担性。方法 通过文献研究等方法探究国际及我国药品管理准入协议
       (MEA)的应用现状,从协议药品范畴、协议类型以及协议内容等方面进行比较分析,总结我国药品MEA应用中存在的问题并提
        出建议。结果与结论 英国、澳大利亚和意大利应用药品MEA的经验较丰富且运作管理机制完善,协议药品范畴较为宽泛,协议
        类型相对多元化。我国协议药品的治疗领域主要涉及肿瘤和罕见病;协议类型主要为个体层面的基于财务的协议和基于绩效的
        协议中的效果保证/按疗效支付;我国证据收集平台不完善且缺乏MEA标准化流程。建议利益相关方增加协议药品的品种,将协
        议类型多元化,提高证据收集准确性和持续性,建立MEA标准化流程。
        关键词 药品管理;管理准入协议;创新支付协议;可及性;可负担性

        International experience about the applications of drug Managed Entry Agreements and its enlightenment
        to China
        WANG Yingxiang,CHEN Lei,XU Huaifu (School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China
        Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 211198,China)

        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To boost access to medical insurance for drugs and improve the accessibility and affordability of
        drugs. METHODS The current status of the application of international and domestic drug Managed Entry Agreement(MEA)were
        investigated through literature research method and other methods,and analyzed comparatively from the aspects of the scope of
        agreement drugs,the types of agreements and the content of the agreement,etc. The problems existing in the application of drug
        MEA in China were summarized to put forward the suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The UK,Australia and Italy had
        rich experience in the application of drug MEA,and the operation management mechanism were complete. The scope of drugs
        included in MEA in these countries were relatively broad and the types of agreements were relatively diversified. In China,drugs
        included in MEA were mainly oncology drugs and rare disease drugs. The types of agreements mainly included“finance-based
        agreements”and effect guarantee/effect-based payment in individual-level of“performance-based agreements”. China’s evidence
        collection platform was imperfect and lacked standardized process of MEA. It is suggested that stakeholders should consider
        increasing the types of drugs,diversified types of agreements,improving the accuracy and continuity of evidence collection,
        establishing a standardized process for MEA.
        KEYWORDS    drug mangement;Managed Entry Agreement;innovative payment agreement;accessibility;affordability

            随着新药上市速度的不断加快以及医保目录动态                          药品的不确定性,来达到优化使用或限制预算的目
        调整机制的建立,我国药品医保准入周期缩短,但是某                           的 。本文拟探究国际及我国药品MEA的应用现状,分
                                                             [3]
        些药品的高值性和疗效不确定性使得医保基金压力陡                            析我国药品 MEA 应用中存在的问题并提出建议,旨在
              [1]
        然增加 。在2020 年全国两会上,医药卫生界代表委员                        助力药品医保准入、提高药品可及性和可负担性。
        提出可以在我国应用国际药品管理准入协议(Managed                        1 国际药品MEA应用现状
        Entry Agreement,MEA),以平衡医保控费和国产创新药                 1.1 国际药品MEA应用现状概述
        发展 。药品MEA又称为药品创新支付协议、药品风险                              由于英国、澳大利亚和意大利应用药品 MEA 经验
            [2]
        分担协议等,是医保支付方与药品生产企业间签订的、
                                                           较丰富且运作管理机制完善,所以后文重点以这3个国
        通过附加具体的准入条件使药品获得支付方报销的协                            家为例具体阐述国际药品 MEA 的应用现状。英国自
        议。药品MEA使医保支付方和药企共同承担财政或治
                                                           2002 年引入药品 MEA 后,逐步实现了从最初的单一类
        疗的不确定性风险,并通过相应的准入条件进一步解决
                                                           型协议到后期协议类型多元化。英国多年应用药品
           *硕士研究生。研究方向:卫生经济学、医药卫生政策。E-mail:
                                                           MEA 的效果表明,MEA 确实增加了创新药品的可及性
        935491785@qq.com
                                                           和可负担性 。澳大利亚应用药品MEA的时间较早,且
                                                                      [4]
           # 通信作者:副教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:医药经济及
        产业政策。E-mail:xhf@cpu.edu.cn                         运作管理机制较为完善。药品MEA在澳大利亚的应用

        中国药房    2022年第33卷第11期                                             China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 11  ·1295 ·
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