Page 74 - 《中国药房》2022年2期

枇杷叶生品及不同炮制品质量评价 Δ

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高伟城 ，王小平 ，何丽珊（漳州卫生职业学院药学系，福建 漳州 363000）
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中图分类号 R282 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2022）02-0196-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.02.12

摘 要 目的 评价枇杷叶生品及不同炮制品的质量。方法 将10批枇杷叶生品分别制成蜜炙枇杷叶、姜汁炙枇杷叶、姜汁煮枇杷
叶、甘草汁炙枇杷叶、甘草汁煮枇杷叶、清炒枇杷叶，共70批样品。采用热浸法测定其醇溶性浸出物含量，采用紫外-可见分光光度
法测定其总三萜酸含量（以熊果酸计），采用高效液相色谱法测定其中野鸦椿酸等5个三萜酸类成分的含量；采用高效液相色谱法
联合《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2004A 版）》建立指纹图谱并进行相似度评价，与混合对照品比对指认共有峰。采用
SPSS 22.0软件和SIMCA-P 14.1软件进行系统聚类分析、主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析。结果 枇杷叶生品、蜜炙枇杷
叶、姜汁炙枇杷叶、姜汁煮枇杷叶、甘草汁炙枇杷叶、甘草汁煮枇杷叶、清炒枇杷叶中醇溶性浸出物平均测定值分别为 25.90％、
39.95％、27.44％、28.20％、28.38％、26.36％、29.26％，总三萜酸平均含量分别为40.62、49.33、52.56、46.38、52.17、55.06、53.41 mg/g，野
鸦椿酸、山楂酸、科罗索酸、齐墩果酸、熊果酸的平均含量和平均总含量分别为1.966～4.808、1.459～2.824、4.525～8.172、1.294～
1.817、6.294～8.470、15.538～25.671 mg/g。70批样品中有11个共有峰，指认出峰2、5、6、10、11分别为野鸦椿酸、山楂酸、科罗索
酸、齐墩果酸、熊果酸。枇杷叶生品及不同炮制品与生品指纹图谱的相似度为0.919～1.000。70批样品中，10批枇杷叶生品聚为
一类，10批姜汁煮枇杷叶聚为一类，其他50批枇杷叶炮制品聚为一类；前2个主成分的累计方差贡献率为80.682％；变量投影重要
性（VIP）值排序为峰2（野鸦椿酸）＞峰5（山楂酸）＞峰6（科罗索酸）＞峰9（未知成分）＞峰11（熊果酸）＞峰10（齐墩果酸），其值均
大于1。结论 枇杷叶生品经炮制后，醇溶性浸出物、总三萜酸含量和5个三萜酸类成分（野鸦椿酸、山楂酸、科罗索酸、齐墩果酸、
熊果酸）总含量均有不同程度的增加，其中蜜炙枇杷叶中醇溶性浸出物最高，甘草汁煮枇杷叶中总三萜酸含量最高，姜汁煮枇杷叶
中5个三萜酸类成分总含量最高。野鸦椿酸、山楂酸、科罗索酸、熊果酸、齐墩果酸等成分可能是影响枇杷叶生品及炮制品质量的
差异性成分。
关键词 枇杷叶；炮制品；醇溶性浸出物；三萜酸类成分；指纹图谱；化学模式识别；质量评价
Quality evaluation of crude drug and different processed products of Eriobotryae Folium
GAO Weicheng，WANG Xiaoping，HE Lishan（Dept. of Pharmacy，Zhangzhou Health Vocational College，Fujian
Zhangzhou 363000，China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of crude drug and different processed products of Eriobotryae Folium.
METHODS Ten batches of Eriobotryae Folium were processed into honey-stir-baked Eriobotryae Folium，ginger-juice-stir-baked
Eriobotryae Folium， ginger-juice-boiled Eriobotryae Folium， licorice-juice-stir-baked Eriobotryae Folium， licorice-juice-boiled
Eriobotryae Folium，stir-fried Eriobotryae Folium，totally 70 batches of samples. The contents of alcohol-soluble extracts，the
contents of total triterpene acids（calculated by ursolic acid）and five triterpene acids such as euscaphic acid were determined by
hot-dipping method，ultraviolet and visibe spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC），respectively.
The fingerprints were established with HPLC and their similarity evaluation was conducted with Similarity Evaluation System of
TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2004A）. Common peaks were identified by comparison with mixed control. Hierarchical
clustering analysis，principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were
performed by using SPSS 22.0 software and SIMCA-P 14.1 software. RESULTS In Eriobotryae Folium， honey-stir-baked
Eriobotryae Folium，ginger-juice-stir-baked Eriobotryae Folium，ginger-juice-boiled Eriobotryae Folium，licorice-juice-stir-baked
Eriobotryae Folium，licorice-juice-boiled Eriobotryae Folium，stir-fried Eriobotryae Folium，average contents of alcohol-soluble
extracts were 25.90％，39.95％，27.44％，28.20％，28.38％，26.36％ and 29.26％；average contents of total triterpene acids were
40.62，49.33，52.56，46.38，52.17，55.06 and 53.41 mg/g；average contents of euscaphic acid，crataegolic acid，corosolic acid，
oleanolic acid，ursolic acid and average total content were 1.966-4.808，1.459-2.824，4.525-8.172，1.294-1.817，6.294-8.470，
15.538-25.671 mg/g，respectively. There were 11 common peaks in 70 batches of samples，and the peak 2，5，6，10 and 11 were
identified as euscaphic acid，crataegolic acid，corosolic acid，
Δ 基金项目：漳州市市级个人科技特派员资助项目（No.20210187）；
oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. The similarities of crude drug
漳州卫生职业学院科技创新团队培育计划项目（No.Kjcx-5）
＊讲师，硕士。研究方向：中药提取分离及质量分析。电话： and different processed products with crude drug fringerprint
0596-2559522。E-mail：280493018@qq.com were 0.919-1.000. Among 70 batches of samples，10 batches
# 通信作者：教授，博士。研究方向：中药制剂及质量标准。电 of Eriobotryae Folium could be clustered into one category，
话：0596-2559522。E-mail：jxrcwxp@163.com and 10 batches of ginger-juice-boiled Eriobotryae Folium could

·196 · China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 2 中国药房 2022年第33卷第2期