Page 32 - 《中国药房》2022年1期

藏药秦艽花的质量标准提升研究 Δ

1，2 #
1，2
2，3
钟 镥 1，2＊ ，罗世英 ，张 静 ，张 艺 （1.成都中医药大学民族医药学院，成都 611137；2.成都中医药大学
民族医药学术传承创新研究中心，成都 611137；3.成都中医药大学药学院，成都 611137）
中图分类号 R282；R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2022）01-0026-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.01.05

摘 要 目的 提升藏药秦艽花的质量标准，为全面评价其质量提供科学依据。方法 采用显微及薄层色谱（TLC）法对16批不同
产地、不同基原的秦艽花药材进行定性分析；参照2020年版《中国药典》（四部）通则中相应方法，分别进行水分、总灰分、酸不溶性
灰分、醇溶性浸出物含量的测定；建立高效液相色谱（HPLC）法，同时测定秦艽花中5种成分（马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷、獐
牙菜苷、异荭草苷）的含量。结果 秦艽花药材粉末呈浅棕黄色；粉末显微特征清晰，可见花粉粒、导管、非腺毛、花冠表皮细胞和花
萼表皮细胞等。TLC鉴别结果显示，在供试品色谱图中，与对照品（异荭草苷）色谱相应位置上显相同颜色的荧光斑点。16批药
材的水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、醇溶性浸出物的含量分别为 5.40％～8.87％、3.76％～6.40％、0.27％～0.58％、26.81％～
42.51％。含量测定方法学考察结果均符合药典要求；16批秦艽花样品中马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苷、异荭草苷的
含量分别为3.13～9.36、1.26～22.39、13.80～74.60、1.24～12.22、2.58～14.96 mg/g。结论 本研究在秦艽花已有质量标准的基础上
增加了显微鉴别、TLC鉴别、含量测定以及水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分和醇溶性浸出物等检查项，并初步拟定秦艽花中水分不得
过9.0％、总灰分不得过6.5％、酸不溶性灰分不得过0.6％、醇溶性浸出物不得少于26.0％、龙胆苦苷的含量不得低于13.8 mg/g。
关键词 秦艽花；质量标准；显微鉴别；薄层色谱法；高效液相色谱法；含量测定

Study on the improvement of quality standard for Tibetan medicine Qinjiaohua
ZHONG Lu ，LUO Shiying ，ZHANG Jing ，ZHANG Yi （1. School of Ethnic Medicine，Chengdu University
1，2
1，2
1，2
2，3
of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Chengdu 611137，China；2. Academic Inheritance and Innovation Research
Center of Ethnic Medicine，Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Chengdu 611137，China；
3. College of Pharmacy，Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Chengdu 611137，China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To improve the quality standard of Tibetan medicine of Qinjiaohua，and to provide scientific basis for
comprehensive quality evaluation. METHODS The qualitative analysis of 16 batches of Qinjiaohua with different producing areas
and different origins was carried out by microscopic and TLC identification. According to the method stated in 2020 edition of
Chinese Pharmacopoeia，water content，total ash content，acid-insoluble ash content and alcohol-soluble extract content were
determined. HPLC method was used to determine the contents of 5 components （loganic acid，swertiamarin，gentiopicrin，
swertionolin，isoorientin） in Qinjiaohua. RESULTS The medicinal powder of Qinjiaohua was light brown-yellow，and the
microscopic features of the powder were clear，and pollen grains，ducts，non-glandular hairs，corolla epidermal cells and calyx
epidermal cells were all found. The results of TLC indentification showed that there were fluorescent spots of the same color in the
chromatogram of the tested product and the corresponding position of substance control（isoorientin）. The content ranges of water
content，total ash content，acid-insoluble ash content and alcohol-soluble extract were 5.40％-8.87％，3.76％-6.40％，0.27％-0.58％，
26.81％-42.51％，respectively. The results of content determination methodology met the requirements of pharmacopoeia；the
content ranges of loganic acid， swertiamarin， gentiopicrin， swertionolin and isoorientin in 16 batches of Qinjiaohua were
3.13-9.36，1.26-22.39，13.80-74.60，1.24-12.22，2.58-14.96 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the original
quality standard of Qinjiaohua，microscopic identification，TLC identification，content determination and examination items of
water，total ash，acid-insoluble ash and alcohol-soluble extract are added. It is preliminarily proposed that water content，total ash
content and acid-insoluble ash content should not exceed 9.0％，6.5％ and 0.6％，while the contents of ethanol-soluble extract and
gentiopicrin should not be less than 26.0％ and 13.8 mg/g，respectively.
KEYWORDS Qinjiaohua；quality standard；microscopic identification；TLC；HPLC；content determination

秦艽花为我国藏族地区常用的民族药，藏语为
Δ 基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目（No.2019YFC1712302）
“ ”，音译为“吉解”。秦艽花来源于龙胆科Gentianaceae
＊硕士研究生。研究方向：民族药药效物质基础。E-mail：
龙胆属 Gentiana 数种植物的干燥花枝，于夏、秋二季花
1984899716@qq.com
# 通信作者：教授，硕士生导师。研究方向：中药及民族药药效物 将开放时采收，除去杂质，阴干后入药，主要分布于西
[1]
质基础。电话：028-87714869。E-mail：zhangjingtcm@cdutcm.edu.cn 藏、青海、宁夏、四川甘孜等地 。在藏族临床应用上，秦

·26 · China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 1 中国药房 2022年第33卷第1期