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TCM,Jiangsu Zhangjiagang 215600,China;4. Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250103,
        China)

        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality standard of Taraxaci Herba,and to evaluate the quality of T. officinale from
        different origins. METHODS:Based on the provisions of the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part Ⅰ)under the item
       “Taraxaci Herba”,the method of content determination was added for the detection of water-soluble extracts (hot extraction
        method)and alcohol-soluble extracts(hot extraction method),total flavonoids,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,cichoric acid and
        isochlorogenic acid A. HPLC fingerprint was established by using 42 batches of T. officinale from 8 producing areas as object,and
        principal component analysis was performed on the basis of above results. RESULTS:The contents of alcohol-soluble extracts in 42
        batches of T. officinale were 15.30%-30.40%,and those of water-soluble extracts were 27.59%-38.96%. The concentration of total
        flavonoids(UV spectrophotometry),chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,cichoric acid and isochlorogenic acid A(HPLC method)were
                                                                                  2
        0.016-0.096,0.003-0.196,0.004-0.117,0.025-1.578,0.002-0.152 mg/mL,respectively (all R >0.999);RSDs of precision,
        stability and repeatability tests were all lower than 2.00%(n=6);average sample recovery were 98.97%-103.53%,and RSDs
        were 1.19%-1.58%. The contents of total flavonoids,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,cichoric acid and isochlorogenic acid A were
        0.734% -3.700% ,0.004% -0.123% ,0.006% - 0.087% ,0.073% -1.499% ,0.005% -0.109% respectively in 42 batches of T.
        officinale. For 42 batches of T. officinale samples in HPLC fingerprint,RSDs of the relative retention time of the common peak
        were 0-0.94%,and RSDs of the relative peak area were 0-125.57%. Among them,the similarity of 39 batches of samples was all
        higher than 0.900. Results of principal component analysis showed that the quality of T. officinale from Shaanxi province was
        better,followed by medicinal materials from Hebei province. CONCLUSIONS:Tentatively,the contents of alcohol-soluble
        extract,water-soluble extract,total flavonoids,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,cichoric acid and isochlorogenic acid A shall not be
        less than 17.0%,27.0%,1.383%,0.024%,0.021%,0.450%,0.021% for Taraxaci Herba. In addition to the low content of
        caffeic acid in T. officinale from Shaanxi province,the other indexes were better;the content of caffeic acid in T. officinale from
        Hebei province was higher than that from Shaanxi province,and other indicators were slightly lower than that from Shaanxi
        province. The quality of comprehensive evaluation of T. officinale from other origins was relatively poor,and the quality of
        different batches of medicinal materials from the same origin was unstable.
        KEYWORDS     Taraxaci Herba; Quality standard; Quality evaluation; HPLC; Fingerprint; Principal component analysis;
        Taraxacum officinale


            蒲公英为菊科植物蒲公英 Taraxacum mongolicum               溶性浸出物(热浸法)、总黄酮、绿原酸、咖啡酸、菊苣酸
        Hand.-Mazz.、碱地蒲公英T. sinicum Kitag.或同属数种植           和异绿原酸A的含量测定,同时以8个产地共42批药用
        物的干燥全草,性味苦、甘、寒,归肝、胃经,具有清热解                         蒲公英为对象,建立了该药材的高效液相色谱(HPLC)
        毒、消肿散结、利尿通淋的功效,常用于治疗疔疮肿毒、                          指纹图谱,并基于上述结果进行主成分分析,以期为蒲
        乳痈、目赤、肺痈、肠痈、湿热黄疸和热淋涩痛等症 。大                         公英的种质资源筛选、质量控制和进一步开发利用提供
                                                  [1]
        多数清热解毒、抗菌消肿类中药复方制剂均含有蒲公                            依据。
        英,且用量较大,故该药材的质量关系到相关制剂的疗                           1 材料
        效。然而,由于蒲公英同属植物品种较多且采收期不                            1.1  主要仪器
        一,市面上所售的蒲公英药材质量良莠不齐,严重影响                               本研究所用的主要仪器有 2695 型 HPLC 仪、2998
        了临床疗效,因而有必要对其质量进行综合性评价。                            PDA型紫外检测器(美国Waters公司),UV-1800PC型紫
            2020 年版《中国药典》(一部)“蒲公英”项下仅有性                    外-可见分光光度计(上海美谱达仪器有限公司),
        状、鉴别、水分检查和菊苣酸含量测定项 ,并不能全面、                         KH-500DB 型数控超声波清洗器(昆山市超声仪器有限
                                          [2]
        综合地控制该药材质量。研究表明,蒲公英药材中主要                           公司),HH-S型恒温水浴锅(金坛市医疗仪器厂)。
        含有酚酸类和黄酮类化合物 ,其中有关咖啡酸、菊苣酸                          1.2 主要试剂
                                [3]
        和绿原酸的研究较多,该3种成分具有显著的抗菌、抗炎                              本研究所用的主要试剂有绿原酸、咖啡酸、芦丁对
        等作用,并可有效抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖                 [4-6] ;异绿原酸 A    照 品(南 京 良 纬 生 物 科 技 有 限 公 司 ,批 号 分 别 为
        与绿原酸属同分异构体,具有抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化作                            lw18022809、lw18013006、lw18012501,纯 度 均 大 于
        用 [7-9] ;黄酮类化合物具有很强的抗氧化和自由基清除                      98%),菊苣酸对照品(上海源叶生物科技有限公司,批
        作用 。上述化合物在蒲公英药材中含量较高且作用                            号P02J9F51964,纯度>98%),异绿原酸A对照品(南京
            [10]
        明确,故本研究在2020年版《中国药典》(一部)“蒲公英”                      金 益 柏 生 物 科 技 有 限 公 司 ,批 号 JBZ-1451,纯 度 >
        项下规定的基础上,增加了水溶性浸出物(热浸法)、醇                          98%);甲醇、乙腈为色谱纯,其余试剂均为分析纯,水为


        中国药房    2021年第32卷第7期                                               China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 7  ·819 ·
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