Page 24 - 《中国药房》2020年23期

Comparative Study on the Contents of 4 Components in the Volatile Oil of Cyperus rotundus from
Different Origins Based on HPLC Method and Multivariate Statistical Analysis
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XU Na ，MOU Yuzhen ，LI Wenbing ，FU Chaomei ，CHEN Hulan ，WANG Shiyu ，LU Junrong （1. College of
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Pharmacy，Chengdu University of TCM，Chengdu 611137，China；2. Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau，
Southwest University for Nationalities，Chengdu 610225，China；3. West China School of Pharmacy，Sichuan
University，Chengdu 610041，China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for simultaneous determination of the contents of cyperotundone，
nootkatone，α-cyperone and aristolone in the volatile oil of Cyperus rotundus，compare the content differences of 4 components in
C. rotundus samples from different origins，and to provide reference for germplasm screening，development and utilization of the
medicinal material. METHODS：The volatile oil was extracted from 46 batches of C. rotundus from 12 origins. The contents of
cypermenone，nootkatone，α-cyperone and aristolone in volatile oil were determined by HPLC. The determination was performed
on Kromasil C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water（68 ∶ 32，V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min；the column
temperature was 30 ℃；the detection wavelength was set at 242 nm；the sample size was 20 μL. Using the contents of above 4
components as evaluation indexes，radar image analysis，cluster thermal map analysis and principal component analysis were
performed for comparing the quality of C. rotundus from different origins. RESULTS：The results of content determination
methodology investigation met relevant requirements；the total contents of 4 components in volatile oil from C. rotundus from
different origins ranged from 136.986 4 to 538.832 1 mg/g，of which the total content of samples from Yunnan was the highest（the
average value was 476.059 2 mg/g）. Radar image analysis results showed that the whole contour in the 4 origins of Guangdong，
Jiangxi，Guangxi and Yunnan was large relatively and better balanced，among which the samples from Yunnan had the largest
overall contour and the best balance. The cluster thermal map analysis results showed that the samples from 12 origins could be
grouped into 2 categories，the first category was from Hubei，Jiangxi，Yunnan，Sichuan，Guangdong，Shandong，Henan and
Shaanxi；the second category was from Guangxi，Shanxi，Anhui and Hainan；the quality of samples from the first category were
better than that of samples from the second category. The principal component analysis results showed that the cumulative
contribution rate of the first three principal components was 96.1％，and the samples from 12 origins were mainly clustered into
two categories，which was consistent with the results of cluster thermal map analysis. CONCLUSIONS：Established HPLC method
can be used for simultaneous determination of cypermenone，nootkatone，α-cyperone and aristolone in volatile oil of C. rotundus
from different origins. Among the samples from 12 origins，the quality of medicinal material from Yunnan is better.
KEYWORDS Cyperus rotundus；Origins；Volatile oil；Content determination；HPLC；Radar image analysis；Cluster thermal
map analysis；Principal component analysis

香附是莎草科植物莎草 Cyperus rotundus L.的干燥 究选用香附烯酮、圆柚酮、α-香附酮、马兜铃酮等含量较
根茎，最早记载于《名医别录》，划分为草部项下，被列为 高且活性较强的化学成分作为评价指标，建立高效液相
[1]
中品 。香附具有疏肝解郁、调经止痛的功效，故古人称 色谱法（HPLC）同时测定这4种成分的含量，以期更好地
[2-3]
之为“气病之总司，女科之主帅” 。现代药理研究发 控制香附药材的质量。
现，香附具有抗炎、抗氧化、促进胃肠吸收以及雌激素样 此外，香附原植物广泛分布于全世界各个国家，在
等作用 [4-7] 。香附中主要含有黄酮类、萜类、生物碱类和 我国香附属于“南药”，主产区为河南、山东、浙江等
挥发油类等成分，其中挥发油类成分是香附的主要活性 地 [17-19] 。近年来，国内外关于香附挥发油的研究日益增
成分，主要由单萜类、倍半萜类及其含氧衍生物组 多，涉及化学成分、药理作用以及工艺设计（提取、炮制）
成 [8-9] 。2015 年版《中国药典》（一部）香附药材及饮片含 等多个方面 [20-24] 。但由于该药材分布范围广，质量参差
[10]
量测定项下仅以“挥发油总量”为指标进行质量评价 ， 不齐，为了相对全面地了解不同产地香附的质量差异，
质控指标较单一，缺乏对有效成分的含量控制，无法完 本研究收集了全国12个产地共46批次香附药材为检测
全评价多成分、多靶点的香附药材质量。综合以往文献 样品，覆盖了华北、华中、华东、华南、西南、西北等6个产
发现，香附药材中香附烯酮、圆柚酮、α-香附酮具有明显 区，旨在通过探索香附中挥发油类成分（以香附烯酮、圆
的抗氧化、镇痛、促进胃肠动力以及雌激素样作用 [11-13] ， 柚酮、α-香附酮、马兜铃酮 4 个成分为代表）含量的地区
马兜铃酮具有明显的杀伤癌细胞作用 [14-16] 。因此，本研 差异，从而为其种质筛选与开发利用提供参考。

·2834 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 23 中国药房 2020年第31卷第23期