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苗药铁筷子不同炮制品中4种成分含量及毒性的比较研究 Δ
王 雪 1,2,3* ,王 丽 ,廖 秀 ,王海波 ,杨 娟 ,李齐激 ,杨小生 [1.贵州医科大学省部共建药用植物功
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效与利用国家重点实验室,贵阳 550014;2.贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室,贵阳 550014;3.贵
州医科大学药学院,贵阳 550016;4.葵花药业集团(贵州)宏奇有限公司,贵州 六盘水 553400]
中图分类号 R927.2;R283.3;R285.5 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2020)12-1475-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.12.13
摘 要 目的:比较苗药铁筷子阴干、烘干、蒸制、炒炭制品中4种成分的含量及其毒性。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时
测定铁筷子炮制品中东莨菪苷、秦皮苷、东莨菪内酯、异嗪皮啶的含量。色谱柱为Welch-C18,流动相为乙腈-水(梯度洗脱),流速为
1 mL/min,检测波长为214 nm,柱温为30 ℃,进样量为10 μL。采用改良寇氏法测定铁筷子不同加工炮制品对小鼠的半数致死量
(LD50 )及其95%置信区间(CI),并评价其急性毒性。结果:东莨菪苷、秦皮苷、东莨菪内酯、异嗪皮啶检测质量的线性范围分别为
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0.019~1.856、0.016~1.616、0.009~0.920、0.006~0.624 μg(R 均不低于0.999 5),精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD均小于2.0%
(n=6);平均加样回收率分别为104.49%、102.22%、101.45%、99.26%(RSD均小于2%,n=6);阴干、烘干、蒸制、炒炭品中,东莨
菪苷含量分别为1.119 0%、0.904 3%、1.068 4%、0.036 4%,秦皮苷含量分别为0.867 8%、0.453 9%、0.423 7%、0.020 5%,东莨菪
内酯含量分别为0.077 1%、0.155 5%、0.084 4%、0.290 8%,异嗪皮啶含量分别为0.110 2%、0.202 1%、0.208 1%、0.249 4%;4种炮
制品的LD50分别为4 118.13、3 733.36、1 643.61、>10 000 mg/kg,95%CI分别为(3 748.87,4 523.76)、(3 422.16,4 072.86)、(1 520.90,
1 776.23)、(>10 000)mg/kg。结论:HPLC法重复性、精密度较好,可用于同时测定铁筷子不同炮制品中4种成分的含量;不同炮
制品中4种成分均有所差异,2个糖苷类毒性成分的含量明显下降;4种炮制品均为低毒或无毒。
关键词 铁筷子;炮制;含量;急性毒性;糖苷类成分;小鼠
Comparative Study on the Contents of Four Compounds from Different Processed Products of Miao
Medicine Chimonanthus nitens and Its Toxicity
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WANG Xue 1,2,3 ,WANG Li ,LIAO Xiu ,WANG Haibo ,YANG Juan ,LI Qiji ,YANG Xiaosheng [1. State
Key Laboratory for Efficacy and Utilization of Medicinal Plants,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550014,
China;2. Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Natural Product Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Guiyang 550014,China;3. College of Pharmacy,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550016,China;4.
Sunflower Pharmaceutical Group(Guizhou)Hongqi Co.,Ltd.,Guizhou Liupanshui 553400,China]
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To compare the contents of 4 components and toxicity from Miao medicine
Chimonanthus nitens samples after drying in the shade,oven drying,steam,charring. METHODS:The contents of
scopolin,fraxin,scopoletin and isofraxin were simultaneously determined by HPLC. The separation was performed on
Welch-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1 mL/min.
The detection wavelength was set at 214 nm,and column temperature was 30 ℃,and the sample size was 10 μL.
Modified Karber method was used to determine the LD50 and its 95%CI of different processed C. nitens to mice and
evaluate its acute toxicity. RESULTS: The linear range of scopolin, fraxin, scopoletin and isofraxin were
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0.019-1.856,0.016-1.616,0.009-0.920,0.006-0.624 μg(R were all not lower than 0.999 5). RSDs of precision,
stability and reprodu-cibility tests were all lower than 2.0%(n=6). The average recoveries were 104.49%,102.22%,
101.45%,99.26%(all RSDs were lower than 2%,n=6). The contents of scopolin were 1.119 0%,0.904 3%,
1.068 4%and 0.036 4%;those of fraxin were 0.867 8%,0.453 9%,0.423 7%and 0.020 5%;those of scopoletin
were 0.077 1%,0.155 5%,0.084 4%and 0.290 8%;
Δ 基金项目:贵州省高层次创新型人才项目(No.黔科合人
才〔2015〕4027号);贵阳市科技计划项目(No.筑科合同〔2017〕8-2号); those of isofraxidin were 0.110 2%,0.202 1%,0.208 1%
贵阳国家高新技术产业开发区管理委员会科技计划项目(No.GX- and 0.249 4%in samples after drying in the shade,oven
CX-2018-001) drying, steam, charring. The LD50 of 4 processed
*硕士研究生。研究方向:天然药物化学。E-mail:1447590915@
products were 4 118.13,3 733.36,1 643.61,>10 000
qq.com
mg/kg samples;95% CI were (3 748.87,4 523.76),
# 通信作者:研究员,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:药用植物利
用。电话:0851-83804370。E-mail:gzcnp@sina.cn (3 422.16,4 072.86 ),(1 520.90,1 776.23),(>10 000)
中国药房 2020年第31卷第12期 China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 12 ·1475 ·