Page 12 - 202005

Novel Coronavirus Infection Response： Prevention and Control Strategies Based on Drug， Material
Supply and Emergency Management
YANG Li ，XU Xiaohan ，CHEN Chen ，YANG Guang ，CHEN Lihua ，HE Xiaojie ，YANG Yiheng ，ZHAI
1，2
1
1
1，2
1，2
1
1
1，2
1，2
Suodi ，ZHAO Rongsheng （1.Dept. of Pharmacy，Peking University Third Hospital，Beijing 100191，China；
2.Beijing Pharmacy Center for Quality Control and Improvement，Beijing 100191，China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To provide drug，material supply and emergency management reference for novel coronavirus
（SARS-CoV-2） infection in pharmacy staff in hospital. METHODS：The method of 5M1E was used to analyze the six main
factors，including man，machine，material，method，environment and measurement of drug，material supply and emergency
management. The relevant prevention and control strategies were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：In the drug，material
supply and emergency management of epidemic prevention and control，the man factors were involved，such as mainly pharmacists
from pharmacy departments of medical institutions. At the same time，the management also involved machine factors such as drug
storage，cleaning and disinfection；material factors such as emergency drugs，disinfection products，in vitro diagnostic reagents，
the guarantee of medicine materials for medical team，investigational products；methods factors such as relevant management
measures；environmental factors such as storage environment and facilities；measurement factors such as drug use，drug and
substance reserve. In view of the above factors，it is suggested to strengthen the professional knowledge and communication skills
training of pharmacists，and strengthen humanistic care，so as to improve their post competency，communication in emergency
response and psychological tolerance. Equipment and materials management shall be strengthened，and equipment maintenance and
disinfection shall be done well to ensure normal use of equipment. According to the evidence-based method，the emergency drug
list should be established. According to the disinfection protection requirements，the disinfection products should be reasonably
selected and their quality and sufficient inventory should be ensured. The qualified in vitro diagnostic reagents should be purchased
in time. The investigational products should be managed reasonably according to the relevant requirements of clinical trials，to
ensure the drug and material supply of medical team members. Emergency plans and standard operating procedures shall be
formulated，the principle of sympathetic drug use shall be followed，and the management of off-label drug use and early warning
of drug and material shortage shall be done well. Reasonable storage space should be reserved to strengthen environmental
monitoring and disinfection. We should strengthen the monitoring and reporting of daily data，strengthen the quality monitoring，
and accept the independent audit of the third party. Above strategies are helpful to improve the ability of drug supply risk
identification and response ability，and cooperate with the medical team to timely rescue patients.
KEYWORDS Novel coronavirus；SARS-CoV-2；Drug supply；5M1E analysis method；Emergency management；Preventive and
control strategies

自 2019 年 12 月以来，湖北省武汉市出现了多起病 管理工作具有非常重要的意义。基于此，本文参考中国
毒性肺炎病例，常见体征包括发热、咳嗽、气促和呼吸困 药学会制定的《新型冠状病毒感染：医院药学工作指导
难等呼吸道症状，严重者可出现急性呼吸综合征、肾衰 与防控策略专家共识》 ，对疫情防控应急工作中的药
[1]
竭，甚至死亡。2020年2月11日，世界卫生组织（WHO） 品、物资供应与应急管理的防控策略提出相关建议，以
正式将该疾病命名为“新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID- 期为医院药学部门助力疫情防控工作提供参考。
19）”；国际病毒分类学委员会将该致病的新型冠状病毒 1 COVID-19 疫情的防控特点与应急药品准备
正式命名为“严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（Severe 依据
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，缩写为 SARS- 1.1 疫情防控特点
CoV-2）”。截至2020年2月20日24时，全国31个省（自 通过流行病学调查显示，SARS-CoV-2 的主要传播
治区、直辖市）和新疆生产建设兵团累计报告确诊病例 途径为呼吸道飞沫传播和密切接触传播；在相对封闭的
75 465 例，累计死亡病例 2 236 例。该病作为急性呼吸 环境中长时间暴露于高浓度气溶胶的情况下，也存在经
道传染病已纳入《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定 气溶胶传播的可能；人群普遍易感 。一项回顾性研究
[2]
的乙类传染病，按甲类传染病管理。国家和地方各级政 对武汉大学中南医院138例COVID-19患者的流行病学
府均作出了疫情防控的工作部署。作为医疗机构药学 特征、临床特征及治疗情况进行了分析。结果显示，该
[3]
部门，在做好日常药品供应和药学服务的基础上，做好 病的院内传染率高达 41％，值得临床警惕 。根据
应对本次突发疫情的防控药品和物资应急保障与应急 SARS-CoV-2 传播途径和防控需求，可针对性地准备消

·518 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 5 中国药房 2020年第31卷第5期