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基于肠道菌群-色氨酸代谢-芳香烃受体轴探讨黄芩汤改善溃疡
性结肠炎的作用机制
Δ
陈 颖 ,徐 荣,何 瑶,李 英,张之雨,吴至久(川北医学院附属医院中西医结合肛肠科,四川 南充
#
*
637000)
中图分类号 R965;R285 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)09-1173-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.09.11
摘 要 目的 探讨黄芩汤通过肠道菌群-色氨酸代谢-芳香烃受体(AhR)轴改善溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的机制。方法 将小鼠随机分
为正常组(生理盐水)、模型组(生理盐水)、菌群消耗-模型组(生理盐水)、菌群消耗-黄芩汤组(9.1 g/kg,以生药量计;下同)、黄芩汤
组及美沙拉嗪组(阳性对照组,0.4 g/kg),每组6只。通过自由饮用抗菌药物混合液10 d消耗菌群,自由饮用2.5%葡聚糖硫酸钠溶
液7 d构建UC模型。造模成功后,各组小鼠灌胃相应药液/生理盐水,每天1次,连续10 d。末次给药后,测定小鼠体重变化比、疾
病活动指数(DAI)评分、结肠长度,观察结肠病理学变化,检测血清中白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-10、IL-22、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)
含量以及结肠组织中闭合蛋白(Occludin)、闭锁小带蛋白1(ZO-1)、AhR的表达,并对小鼠粪便进行高通量测序和色氨酸靶向代谢
组学分析。结果 与模型组比较,黄芩汤组小鼠结肠组织炎症细胞浸润减少,肠黏膜结构恢复;体重变化比、结肠长度、血清中IL-
10含量和结肠组织中Occludin、ZO-1、AhR表达水平以及色氨酸代谢物吲哚-3-丙酸(IPA)、N-乙酰-5-羟色胺(NAS)、吲哚-3-乙酸
(IAA)含量均显著升高/增加(P<0.05);DAI评分以及血清中IL-6、TNF-α、IL-22含量和色氨酸代谢物吲哚-3-乙醇含量均显著降
低(P<0.05);肠道菌群结构改善,乳杆菌属等有益菌的相对丰度呈升高趋势,大肠埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属等致病菌的相对丰度呈
降低趋势。然而,抗菌药物消耗菌群后,黄芩汤虽能显著升高小鼠粪便中NAS含量,但结肠组织中AhR蛋白表达未同步显著回
升。结论 黄芩汤可通过调控肠道菌群,促进IPA、IAA产生,从而激活AhR,进而修复UC小鼠肠黏膜屏障;完整肠道菌群是黄芩
汤发挥AhR调控作用的重要前提。
关键词 黄芩汤;溃疡性结肠炎;肠道菌群;色氨酸代谢;芳香烃受体
Mechanism of Huangqin decoction in improving ulcerative colitis based on the gut microbiota-tryptophan
metabolism-aryl hydrocarbon receptor axis
CHEN Ying,XU Rong,HE Yao,LI Ying,ZHANG Zhiyu,WU Zhijiu(Anorectal Department of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan
Nanchong 637000,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Huangqin decoction in improving ulcerative colitis (UC) through the
gut microbiota-tryptophan metabolism-aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) axis. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into normal
group (normal saline), model group (normal saline), microbiota depletion-model group (normal saline), microbiota depletion-
Huangqin decoction group (9.1 g/kg, by crude drug, similarly hereinafter), Huangqin decoction group and mesalazine group
(positive control group, 0.4 g/kg), with 6 mice in each group. Microbiota depletion was achieved by providing free access to a
mixed antibiotics for 10 days. The UC model was induced by administering 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium solution for 7 days. After
successful modeling, each treatment group received corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically once daily for 10 days.
After the final administration, body weight change ratio, disease activity index (DAI) score, and colon length were evaluated;
colon pathological changes were observed; serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-22, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-
α) were measured; the expressions of Occludin, zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1), and AhR in colon tissue were detected; fecal samples
were subjected to high-throughput sequencing to analyze
Δ 基金项目 四 川 省 中 医 药 管 理 局 科 学 技 术 研 究 专 项(No. targeted tryptophan metabolomics. RESULTS Compared with
25MSZX567) the model group, Huangqin decoction group showed reduced
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中西医治疗肛肠疾病。
infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon tissue and
E-mail:yingchen9701@163.com
restoration of the intestinal mucosal structure. Body weight
# 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师。研究方向:中西医治疗肛肠疾病。
E-mail:wzj549nc@126.com change ratio, colon length, serum content of IL-10, the
中国药房 2026年第37卷第9期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 9 · 1173 ·

