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藏药湿生扁蕾及其活性成分抗溃疡性结肠炎及相关纤维化的机
制研究进展
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李 欢 ,聂 晴 ,安永康 ,张双喜 ,张相安 (1.河南中医药大学第一附属医院肛肠科,郑州 450003;2.河南
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中医药大学第五临床医学院,郑州 450046)
中图分类号 R28;R96 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)05-0676-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.05.22
摘 要 溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是一种慢性、复发性的肠道炎症性疾病,肠纤维化是其严重的并发症和潜在的恶变危险因素。湿生
扁蕾是藏医治疗湿热泻痢等胃肠疾病的常用药物之一,其化学成分复杂,包括呫吨酮类、黄酮类、萜类及其他活性组分,具有清热
利湿、解毒等功效。本文综述了湿生扁蕾在抗UC及相关纤维化方面的药效物质基础与作用机制研究进展,发现其提取物(如水
提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物)及活性成分(如 1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基呫吨酮、熊果酸、獐牙菜苦苷、木犀草素)可能通过调控核因子
κB、B细胞淋巴瘤-2/B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白、转化生长因子β1/Smad等相关信号通路,从抑制炎症因子、抗氧化应激、抑制细胞
凋亡、调节肠道菌群及其代谢产物、保护肠道黏膜屏障、调节免疫、抑制上皮-间质转化7个方面,发挥抗UC及相关纤维化的作用。
关键词 湿生扁蕾;溃疡性结肠炎;肠纤维化;呫吨酮类;黄酮类;活性成分;作用机制
Research progress on the mechanisms of Tibetan medicine Gentianopsis paludosa and its chemical
components against ulcerative colitis and associated fibrosis
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LI Huan ,NIE Qing ,AN Yongkang ,ZHANG Shuangxi ,ZHANG Xiang’an(1. Dept. of Anorectology, the First
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Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China;2. The Fifth Clinical
College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China)
ABSTRACT Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disease of the intestine. Intestinal fibrosis represents
a severe complication and a potential risk factor for malignant transformation. Gentianopsis paludosa is one of the traditional
Tibetan medicines commonly used for treating gastrointestinal disorders such as damp-heat diarrhea and dysentery. Its chemical
composition is complex, encompassing xanthones, flavonoids, terpenoids, and other bioactive components, and it exhibits
properties such as clearing heat, eliminating dampness, and detoxifying. This article reviews the research progress on the
pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanisms of G. paludosa against UC and associated fibrosis. Findings suggest that its
extracts (e.g., aqueous extract, ethyl acetate extract) and active constituents (e.g., 1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone, ursolic
acid, swertiamarin, luteolin) may inhibit inflammatory cytokines, combat oxidative stress, suppress cell apoptosis, regulate
intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, protect the intestinal mucosal barrier, modulate immune responses, and inhibit epithelial-
mesenchymal transition, through modulating relevant signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappa B, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-
2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein, and transforming growth factor-β1/Smad, thus exerting therapeutic effects against UC and its related
fibrosis via these seven aspects.
KEYWORDS Gentianopsis paludosa; ulcerative colitis; intestinal fibrosis; xanthones; flavonoids; active ingredient; mechanism
of action
溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)作为炎症性肠 种以结肠黏膜持续炎症和上皮损伤为特征的慢性进展
病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)的主要亚型,是一 性疾病。近年来全球 UC 患病率持续攀升,在亚太地区
尤为显著,而我国 UC 年龄标准化患病率从 2013 年至
Δ 基金项目 河南省科技发展计划项目(No.232102311221);河南
省中医药科学研究专项课题(No.2021JDZY06) 2016年不断增长,已成为一项重大的消化系统公共卫生
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治肛肠病。 问题 。该病的慢性迁延过程中,持续炎症微环境会激
[1]
E-mail:724359388@qq.com
活肠道肌成纤维细胞,导致细胞外基质(extracellular ma‐
# 通信作者 主任医师,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中医药防治
肛肠病。E-mail:zxa2105@163.com trix,ECM)过度沉积,最终引发肠纤维化这一严重并发
· 676 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 5 中国药房 2026年第37卷第5期

