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藏药湿生扁蕾及其活性成分抗溃疡性结肠炎及相关纤维化的机

          制研究进展
                            Δ


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                 1*
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          李 欢 ,聂 晴 ,安永康 ,张双喜 ,张相安 (1.河南中医药大学第一附属医院肛肠科,郑州 450003;2.河南
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          中医药大学第五临床医学院,郑州 450046)
          中图分类号  R28;R96      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)05-0676-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.05.22

          摘   要  溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是一种慢性、复发性的肠道炎症性疾病,肠纤维化是其严重的并发症和潜在的恶变危险因素。湿生
          扁蕾是藏医治疗湿热泻痢等胃肠疾病的常用药物之一,其化学成分复杂,包括呫吨酮类、黄酮类、萜类及其他活性组分,具有清热
          利湿、解毒等功效。本文综述了湿生扁蕾在抗UC及相关纤维化方面的药效物质基础与作用机制研究进展,发现其提取物(如水
          提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物)及活性成分(如 1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基呫吨酮、熊果酸、獐牙菜苦苷、木犀草素)可能通过调控核因子
          κB、B细胞淋巴瘤-2/B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白、转化生长因子β1/Smad等相关信号通路,从抑制炎症因子、抗氧化应激、抑制细胞
          凋亡、调节肠道菌群及其代谢产物、保护肠道黏膜屏障、调节免疫、抑制上皮-间质转化7个方面,发挥抗UC及相关纤维化的作用。
          关键词  湿生扁蕾;溃疡性结肠炎;肠纤维化;呫吨酮类;黄酮类;活性成分;作用机制


          Research  progress  on  the  mechanisms  of  Tibetan  medicine  Gentianopsis  paludosa  and  its  chemical
          components against ulcerative colitis and associated fibrosis
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          LI Huan ,NIE Qing ,AN Yongkang ,ZHANG Shuangxi ,ZHANG Xiang’an(1. Dept. of Anorectology, the First
                           2
                 1
          Affiliated  Hospital  of  Henan  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhengzhou  450003,  China;2.  The  Fifth  Clinical
          College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China)
          ABSTRACT    Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disease of the intestine. Intestinal fibrosis represents
          a  severe  complication  and  a  potential  risk  factor  for  malignant  transformation.  Gentianopsis  paludosa  is  one  of  the  traditional
          Tibetan  medicines  commonly  used  for  treating  gastrointestinal  disorders  such  as  damp-heat  diarrhea  and  dysentery.  Its  chemical
          composition  is  complex,  encompassing  xanthones,  flavonoids,  terpenoids,  and  other  bioactive  components,  and  it  exhibits
          properties  such  as  clearing  heat,  eliminating  dampness,  and  detoxifying.  This  article  reviews  the  research  progress  on  the
          pharmacodynamic  material  basis  and  mechanisms  of  G.  paludosa  against  UC  and  associated  fibrosis.  Findings  suggest  that  its
          extracts (e.g.,  aqueous  extract,  ethyl  acetate  extract)  and  active  constituents (e.g.,  1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone,  ursolic
          acid,  swertiamarin,  luteolin)  may  inhibit  inflammatory  cytokines,  combat  oxidative  stress,  suppress  cell  apoptosis,  regulate
          intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, protect the intestinal mucosal barrier, modulate immune responses, and inhibit epithelial-
          mesenchymal transition, through modulating relevant signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappa B, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-
          2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein, and transforming growth factor-β1/Smad, thus exerting therapeutic effects against UC and its related
          fibrosis via these seven aspects.
          KEYWORDS     Gentianopsis paludosa; ulcerative colitis; intestinal fibrosis; xanthones; flavonoids; active ingredient; mechanism
          of action



              溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)作为炎症性肠             种以结肠黏膜持续炎症和上皮损伤为特征的慢性进展
          病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)的主要亚型,是一           性疾病。近年来全球 UC 患病率持续攀升,在亚太地区
                                                              尤为显著,而我国 UC 年龄标准化患病率从 2013 年至
              Δ 基金项目 河南省科技发展计划项目(No.232102311221);河南
          省中医药科学研究专项课题(No.2021JDZY06)                         2016年不断增长,已成为一项重大的消化系统公共卫生
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治肛肠病。                       问题 。该病的慢性迁延过程中,持续炎症微环境会激
                                                                  [1]
          E-mail:724359388@qq.com
                                                              活肠道肌成纤维细胞,导致细胞外基质(extracellular ma‐
              # 通信作者 主任医师,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中医药防治
          肛肠病。E-mail:zxa2105@163.com                          trix,ECM)过度沉积,最终引发肠纤维化这一严重并发


          · 676 ·    China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 5                               中国药房  2026年第37卷第5期
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