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牛膝总皂苷提取物对自发性高血压大鼠血管内皮功能损伤的改

          善作用及机制研究
                                      Δ


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          梁瑞峰    1, 2* ,葛文静 ,寇晓波 ,田 萍 ,安鸿志 ,魏 征 ,张明利 (1.河南省中西医结合医院/河南省中医药
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          研究院中心实验室,郑州 450004;2.河南中医药大学药学院,郑州 450046)
          中图分类号  R965;R285      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)03-0331-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.03.10
          摘  要  目的  基于细胞色素P450 4A(CYP4A)/20-羟-二十烷四烯酸/(20-HETE)/G蛋白偶联受体75(GPR75)轴探究牛膝总皂苷
         (ABS)提取物对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血管内皮功能损伤的改善作用及机制。方法  将10只Wistar-Kyoto大鼠设为正常对照
          组;将40只SHR根据收缩压进行分层后,按随机数字表法分为模型组(MOD组)、卡托普利阳性对照组(CAP组,10 mg/kg)和ABS
          提取物低、高剂量组(ABS-L、ABS-H组,60、120 mg/kg),每组10只。各组动物灌胃相应药物或等体积纯水,每天1次,连续28 d。
          末次给药后,测量大鼠收缩压,检测血清中血管活性物质、炎症因子和氧化应激指标水平,观察大鼠胸主动脉病理形态学变化,检
          测胸主动脉组织中活性氧(ROS)水平及内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、CYP4A、GPR75、核因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、磷酸化NF-
          κB p65、p22 、还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶4(NOX4)的表达。结果  给药28 d后,与MOD组比较,ABS-L、ABS-H
                   phox
          组大鼠收缩压及血清中20-HETE、血管紧张素Ⅱ、内皮素1、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、细胞间黏附分子1和丙
          二醛水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);一氧化氮、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶水平均显著升高(P<
          0.05或P<0.01);胸主动脉内膜损伤减轻,内皮细胞形态改善;胸主动脉中ROS、CYP4A、GPR75、p22 和NOX4的表达及NF-κB
                                                                                       phox
          p65蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著下调/降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),eNOS的表达均显著上调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论  ABS提取物
          可能通过下调CYP4A表达,减少20-HETE生成,抑制GPR75激活,进而抑制下游NF-κB和NOX4的活化,有效减轻SHR的炎症反
          应和氧化应激,从而改善其高血压相关血管内皮功能损伤。
          关键词  牛膝总皂苷提取物;高血压;血管内皮功能损伤;20-羟-二十烷四烯酸;细胞色素P450 4A

          Improvement effects and mechanism of Achyranthes bidentata total saponins extract on vascular endothelial
          dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats
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          LIANG Ruifeng ,GE Wenjing ,KOU Xiaobo ,TIAN Ping ,AN Hongzhi ,WEI Zheng ,ZHANG Mingli             1
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         (1.  Central  Laboratory,  Henan  Integrative  Medicine  Hospital/Henan Academy  of  Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,
          Zhengzhou 450004, China;2. School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,
          China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  improvement  effects  and  mechanism  of  Achyranthes  bidentata  total  saponins
         (ABS)  extract  on  vascular  endothelial  dysfunction  in  spontaneously  hypertensive  rat (SHR)  based  on  cytochrome  P450  4A
         (CYP4A)/20-hydroxyeicosatetetraenoic  acid (20-HETE)/G  protein-coupled  receptor  75 (GPR75)  axis.  METHODS  Ten  Wistar-
          Kyoto rats were taken as the normal control group. Forty SHR were first stratified by systolic blood pressure and then, within each
          stratum, randomly assigned using a random-number table to the model group (MOD group), captopril positive control group (CAP
          group,  10  mg/kg), ABS  low-  and  high-dose  extract  groups (ABS-L  group, ABS-H  group,  60  and  120  mg/kg),  with  10  rats  in
          each  group. Animals  in  each  group  were  given  the  corresponding  drug  or  equal  volume  of  pure  water  by  gavage,  once  a  day,  for
          28  consecutive  days.  After  the  last  administration,  systolic  blood  pressure  of  rats  was  measured.  The  levels  of  vasoactive
          substances,  inflammatory  factors  and  oxidative  stress  indicators  in  serum  were  measured.  The  pathological  changes  of  rat  thoracic
          aorta were observed. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aortic tissue was analyzed. The expressions of endothelial nitric
                                                             oxide  synthase (eNOS),  CYP4A,  GPR75,  nuclear  factor-κB
             Δ 基金项目 河南省科技发展计划项目(No.242300420104);河南          p65 (NF-κB  p65),  phosphorylated  NF-κB  p65,  p22 ,  and
                                                                                                       phox
          省中西医结合医院基本科研业务费立项项目(No.2404038)                    reduced  nicotinamide  adenine  dinucleotide  phosphate  oxidase  4
             *第一作者 副研究员,硕士生导师,硕士。研究方向:中药药理及
          中药药性理论。E-mail:hnsxm009@163.com                    (NOX4)  in  thoracic  aorta  tissue  were  detected.  RESULTS
             # 通信作者 主任医师,硕士生导师。研究方向:中医药防治呼吸                  After  28  d  of  treatment,  compared  with  MOD  group,  the
          及心血管疾病。E-mail:yanjy6633@126.com                    systolic blood pressure of rats in the ABS-L and ABS-H groups


          中国药房  2026年第37卷第3期                                                 China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 3    · 331 ·
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