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·药物与临床·
高原地区患者万古霉素血药浓度达标的影响因素分析及预测模
型构建——一项单中心回顾性研究
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常亚娥 ,赵 妮,桓芝兰,许贵琴,吴 雪,王亚峰(青海省人民医院药学部,西宁 810007)
中图分类号 R969.1;R978.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)02-0198-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.02.11
摘 要 目的 基于单中心数据,分析高原地区患者万古霉素血浆药物谷浓度(简称“PDC”)达标的影响因素,并建立PDC预测模
型,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 回顾性纳入2021年1月-2024年6月于青海省人民医院接受万古霉素(1 g,q12 h)静脉注射
治疗的住院患者,收集其人口学资料和肝肾功能、血液学等指标。采用Spearman相关性分析评价万古霉素PDC与各指标的相关
性。采用单因素分析评估不同PDC患者各指标的差异,以及不同性别、体重指数、年龄和有无基础疾病(高血压/糖尿病)对万古霉
素PDC的影响。基于相关性分析和单因素分析结果,采用多元线性逐步回归分析获取万古霉素PDC的独立预测因子并构建预测
模型。结果 共纳入 141 例患者,万古霉素 PDC 总达标率为 46.81%。万古霉素 PDC 与患者年龄、尿素氮、尿酸(UA)、血肌酐
(CRE)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)呈正相关,与身高、体重、肌酐清除率(CCR)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、血红蛋白
(HGB)、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞呈负相关(P<0.05);不同PDC组患者的年龄、CRE等14项指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<
0.05 或 P<0.01);年龄、有无基础疾病对万古霉素 PDC 有显著影响(P<0.05 或 P<0.01);CCR、直接胆红素(DBil)、β2-MG、UA、
HGB、身高(标准化系数分别为-0.371、0.367、0.169、0.232、-0.140、-0.132,P<0.05)是万古霉素 PDC 的独立预测因子;所建回
归方程的F值为34.858(P<0.05),R 为0.610,调整R 为0.592。结论 高原地区患者的万古霉素PDC受肾功能、肝功能及血液学指
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标等多因素协同影响,其中CCR、HGB、身高可用于负向预测患者万古霉素PDC,而DBil、β2-MG、UA则可用于正向预测万古霉素
PDC;所建预测模型各变量可解释万古霉素PDC 59.2%的变异。
关键词 万古霉素;高原地区;血浆药物谷浓度;影响因素;预测模型
Analysis of factors influencing the achievement of target vancomycin plasma concentration and
construction of a predictive model in patients from high-altitude regions: a single-center retrospective study
CHANG Ya’e,ZHAO NI,HUAN Zhilan,XU Guiqin,WU Xue,WANG Yafeng(Dept. of Pharmacy, Qinghai
Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the influencing factors for achieving target plasma drug concentration (trough)
(abbreviated as “PDC”) of vancomycin in patients from high-altitude regions and establish a predictive model for PDC using single-
center data, providing references for rational clinical drug use. METHODS Inpatients with vancomycin (1 g, q12 h) administered
intravenously in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively included. Demographic data, liver and kidney
function and hematological indexes were collected. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between
vancomycin PDC and each detection index. Univariate analysis was used to evaluate the differences of each index in patients with
different PDC, and the effects of different gender, body mass index, age and underlying diseases (hypertension/diabetes) on
vancomycin PDC. Based on the results of correlation analysis and univariate analysis, multiple linear stepwise regression analysis
was used to obtain the independent predictors of vancomycin PDC and construct the prediction model. RESULTS A total of 141
patients were included, with an overall attainment rate of 46.81% for the target PDC of vancomycin. Correlation analysis showed
that the vancomycin PDC was positively correlated with age, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (CRE) and β2-
microglobulin (β2-MG), and negatively correlated with height, weight, creatinine clearance rate (CCR), glomerular filtration rate
(GFR), alanine transaminase (ALT), hemoglobin (HGB),
Δ 基金项目 青海省科技计划项目(No.2025-ZJ-731);青海省“昆 white blood cell count and neutrophils (P<0.05). There were
仑英才·高端创新创业领军人才”培养计划项目(No. 青人才字 significant differences in age, CRE and other 14 indexes
〔2021〕13号) among different PDC groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Age and
*第一作者 主管药师,博士研究生。研究方向:临床药物治疗学。
underlying diseases had significant effects on vancomycin PDC
E-mail:cc15095355029@163.com
# 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:医院药学。E-mail: (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CCR, direct bilirubin (DBil), β2-MG,
wyf8289@163.com UA, HGB and height (standardized coefficients were -0.371,
· 198 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 2 中国药房 2026年第37卷第2期

