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·药物与临床·


          高原地区患者万古霉素血药浓度达标的影响因素分析及预测模
          型构建——一项单中心回顾性研究
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          常亚娥 ,赵 妮,桓芝兰,许贵琴,吴 雪,王亚峰(青海省人民医院药学部,西宁 810007)
          中图分类号  R969.1;R978.1      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)02-0198-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.02.11

          摘   要  目的  基于单中心数据,分析高原地区患者万古霉素血浆药物谷浓度(简称“PDC”)达标的影响因素,并建立PDC预测模
          型,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法  回顾性纳入2021年1月-2024年6月于青海省人民医院接受万古霉素(1 g,q12 h)静脉注射
          治疗的住院患者,收集其人口学资料和肝肾功能、血液学等指标。采用Spearman相关性分析评价万古霉素PDC与各指标的相关
          性。采用单因素分析评估不同PDC患者各指标的差异,以及不同性别、体重指数、年龄和有无基础疾病(高血压/糖尿病)对万古霉
          素PDC的影响。基于相关性分析和单因素分析结果,采用多元线性逐步回归分析获取万古霉素PDC的独立预测因子并构建预测
          模型。结果  共纳入 141 例患者,万古霉素 PDC 总达标率为 46.81%。万古霉素 PDC 与患者年龄、尿素氮、尿酸(UA)、血肌酐
         (CRE)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)呈正相关,与身高、体重、肌酐清除率(CCR)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、血红蛋白
         (HGB)、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞呈负相关(P<0.05);不同PDC组患者的年龄、CRE等14项指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<
          0.05 或 P<0.01);年龄、有无基础疾病对万古霉素 PDC 有显著影响(P<0.05 或 P<0.01);CCR、直接胆红素(DBil)、β2-MG、UA、
          HGB、身高(标准化系数分别为-0.371、0.367、0.169、0.232、-0.140、-0.132,P<0.05)是万古霉素 PDC 的独立预测因子;所建回
          归方程的F值为34.858(P<0.05),R 为0.610,调整R 为0.592。结论  高原地区患者的万古霉素PDC受肾功能、肝功能及血液学指
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          标等多因素协同影响,其中CCR、HGB、身高可用于负向预测患者万古霉素PDC,而DBil、β2-MG、UA则可用于正向预测万古霉素
          PDC;所建预测模型各变量可解释万古霉素PDC 59.2%的变异。
          关键词  万古霉素;高原地区;血浆药物谷浓度;影响因素;预测模型


          Analysis  of  factors  influencing  the  achievement  of  target  vancomycin  plasma  concentration  and
          construction of a predictive model in patients from high-altitude regions: a single-center retrospective study
          CHANG Ya’e,ZHAO NI,HUAN Zhilan,XU Guiqin,WU Xue,WANG Yafeng(Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Qinghai
          Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, China)

          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  the  influencing  factors  for  achieving  target  plasma  drug  concentration  (trough)
         (abbreviated as “PDC”) of vancomycin in patients from high-altitude regions and establish a predictive model for PDC using single-
          center data, providing references for rational clinical drug use. METHODS Inpatients with vancomycin (1 g, q12 h) administered
          intravenously  in  our  hospital  from  January  2021  to  June  2024  were  retrospectively  included.  Demographic  data,  liver  and  kidney
          function  and  hematological  indexes  were  collected.  Spearman  correlation  analysis  was  used  to  evaluate  the  correlation  between
          vancomycin  PDC  and  each  detection  index.  Univariate  analysis  was  used  to  evaluate  the  differences  of  each  index  in  patients  with
          different  PDC,  and  the  effects  of  different  gender,  body  mass  index,  age  and  underlying  diseases (hypertension/diabetes)  on
          vancomycin  PDC.  Based  on  the  results  of  correlation  analysis  and  univariate  analysis,  multiple  linear  stepwise  regression  analysis
          was  used  to  obtain  the  independent  predictors  of  vancomycin  PDC  and  construct  the  prediction  model.  RESULTS  A  total  of  141
          patients  were  included,  with  an  overall  attainment  rate  of  46.81%  for  the  target  PDC  of  vancomycin.  Correlation  analysis  showed
          that the vancomycin PDC was positively correlated with age, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (CRE) and β2-
          microglobulin (β2-MG), and negatively correlated with height, weight, creatinine clearance rate (CCR), glomerular filtration rate
                                                             (GFR),  alanine  transaminase (ALT),  hemoglobin (HGB),
              Δ 基金项目 青海省科技计划项目(No.2025-ZJ-731);青海省“昆          white  blood  cell  count  and  neutrophils (P<0.05).  There  were
          仑英才·高端创新创业领军人才”培养计划项目(No. 青人才字                      significant  differences  in  age,  CRE  and  other  14  indexes
          〔2021〕13号)                                          among  different  PDC  groups (P<0.05  or  P<0.01).  Age  and
             *第一作者 主管药师,博士研究生。研究方向:临床药物治疗学。
                                                              underlying diseases had significant effects on vancomycin PDC
          E-mail:cc15095355029@163.com
              # 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:医院药学。E-mail:               (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CCR, direct bilirubin (DBil), β2-MG,
          wyf8289@163.com                                     UA, HGB and height (standardized coefficients were -0.371,


          · 198 ·    China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 2                               中国药房  2026年第37卷第2期
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