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非编码RNA对骨关节炎的调控机制及中药干预研究进展
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黄范焯 ,黎 缘 ,张 璇 ,刘 渊 (1.广西中医药大学骨伤学院,南宁 530001;2.广西中医药大学附属瑞康
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医院护理部,南宁 530011)
中图分类号 R965 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)14-1819-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.14.23
摘 要 骨关节炎(OA)是一种以关节软骨退变为核心病理特征的慢性退行性疾病,其发病机制涉及炎症反应、软骨细胞凋亡及
细胞外基质(ECM)降解等。非编码 RNA(ncRNA)凭借其多样化的调控途径参与 OA 的发生发展,为其治疗提供了新的潜在靶
点。本文系统阐述了 ncRNA[微小 ncRNA(miR)、环状 ncRNA(circR)、长链 ncRNA(lncR)]调控 OA 的作用机制及中药通过调控
ncRNA干预OA的研究现状。结果显示,ncRNA通过构建多层次调控网络参与OA的病理进程:miR靶向关键基因的翻译抑制,调
控下游信号通路;circR既可作为“分子海绵”竞争性吸附miR间接参与调控,又能直接调节蛋白功能;lncR兼具“分子海绵”作用和
直接通路干预能力。穿心莲内酯、新风胶囊等通过调节miR的表达,形成“中药-miR-下游反应链”,以减少基质水解酶表达、抑制
炎症因子分泌等途径干预OA进程;芍药苷、荣筋拈痛方等通过影响circR和lncR,形成“中药-lncR/circR-miR-下游反应链”,以促
进软骨细胞增殖,减少ECM降解等途径干预OA进程。
关键词 骨关节炎;中药;复方;非编码RNA;调控机制
Regulatory mechanism of non-coding RNA in osteoarthritis and the research on traditional Chinese
medicine intervention
HUANG Fanzhuo ,LI Yuan ,ZHANG Xuan ,LIU Yuan(1. College of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangxi
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University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China;2. Nursing Department, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to
Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China)
ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized primarily by the degeneration of articular
cartilage, with its pathogenesis involving a multifactorial interplay of inflammatory responses, chondrocyte apoptosis, and
extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) participates in the occurrence and development of OA through
their diverse regulatory pathways, providing new potential targets for its treatment. This paper systematically elucidates the
mechanisms of ncRNA [micro ncRNA (miR), circular ncRNA (circR), and long ncRNA (lncR)] in regulating OA , as well as the
current research status of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intervening in OA by modulating ncRNA. It is found that ncRNA
participate in the pathological processes of OA by constructing a multi-layered regulatory network: miR inhibits the translation of
key target genes and regulate downstream signaling pathways; circR can act as ‘molecular sponges’ to competitively absorb miRs
for indirect regulation, as well as directly modulate protein functions; lncR possess both ‘molecular sponge’ capabilities and the
ability to intervene directly in pathways. Andrographolide, Xinfeng capsules and others intervene in the OA process by regulating
the expression of miR, forming a ‘TCM-miR-downstream response chain’, which reduces the expression of matrix-hydrolyzing
enzymes and inhibits the secretion of inflammatory factors; paeoniflorin, Rongjin niantong formula and others intervene in the OA
process by affecting circR and lncR, thereby forming a ‘TCM-lncR/circR-miR-downstream response chain’ to promote chondrocyte
proliferation and reduce ECM degradation.
KEYWORDS osteoarthritis; traditional Chinese medicine; compound formula; non-coding RNA; regulatory mechanism
骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是中医骨伤科常见病 全球范围内有超过5.9亿的OA患者,病例数增长超过了
范畴,多因素交互作用使其病因复杂,病情缠绵难愈。 130% 。骨关节由覆盖骨端的关节软骨和关节囊共同
[1]
构成,内部含有滑液,其中关节软骨能够吸收应力,滑液
Δ 基金项目 广西自然科学基金面上项目(No.2021JJA140086);
广西中医药大学“国医大师韦贵康学术思想与临床诊疗传承发展研究 可减少运动时的磨损,但由于此结构的特殊性,这一部
[2]
中 心 ”开 放 课 题 ;广 西 中 医 药 大 学 自 然 科 学 基 金 面 上 项 目(No. 位容易发生损伤 。传统观点认为,OA是一种炎性损伤
2021MS007) 性疾病,主要表现为进行性疼痛、肿胀和关节僵硬。近
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:脊柱与四肢退行性疾病的中
年来研究发现,OA 的病理机制复杂,涉及软骨细胞凋
医防治。E-mail:2298387465@qq.com
亡、细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)降解、自噬稳
# 通信作者 副教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中医药防治膝
骨关节炎和脊柱相关疾病。E-mail:115140093@qq.com 态失衡等多个过程,且与年龄、代谢异常、机械应力等密
中国药房 2025年第36卷第14期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 14 · 1819 ·