Page 35 - 《中国药房》2025年11期

基于差异代谢物筛选茶芎片的初加工方式
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何 宇 ，董燕婧 ，秦 倩 ，邬丹阳 ，徐葱茏 ，张寿文 （1.江西中医药大学中药资源与民族药研究中心，南昌
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330004；2.江西景德中药股份有限公司，江西 景德镇 333302）
中图分类号 R931.4；R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2025）11-1317-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.11.05

摘 要 目的 基于差异代谢物筛选茶芎片的初加工方式，为茶芎的科学加工提供理论依据。方法 以趁鲜切制或传统加工的13
组茶芎片为样品，采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱联用技术对其进行代谢物的分析鉴定，通过多元统计分析筛选
13组样品中的差异代谢物，分析水洗、浸润、干燥方式、干燥次数对样品中差异代谢物的相对表达量以及样品中羧酸及其衍生物
含量（以此来反映总氨基酸含量）的影响。结果 主成分分析与偏最小二乘法-判别分析结果均显示，13组样品的组间差异显著。
从13组样品中共筛选出688种差异代谢物，其中以羧酸及其衍生物类代谢物的占比最高。水洗处理后样品中磷脂酰胆碱的相对
表达量显著上调，浸润处理后样品中色氨酸的相对表达量显著下调，50～60 ℃烘干处理后样品中补骨脂素的相对表达量显著上
调，40 ℃烘干处理后样品中反式对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯的相对表达量显著下调。水洗、浸润处理均可显著降低样品中总氨基酸含
量，二次干燥可显著提升样品中总氨基酸含量，3种控温烘干方法可使样品中总氨基酸含量维持相对稳定。结论 茶芎片的最佳
工艺流程为：新鲜茶芎在产地趁鲜切制，去泥后短时间内抢水洗，分别在切片前后进行2次40 ℃低温烘干。
关键词 茶芎；非靶向代谢组学；趁鲜加工；传统加工；差异代谢物；加工工艺

Screening of initial processing methods for Ligusticum sinense slice based on differential metabolites
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HE Yu ，DONG Yanjing ，QIN Qian ，WU Danyang ，XU Conglong ，ZHANG Shouwen（1. Research Center for
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Chinese Medicinal Materials Resources and Ethnic Medicine， Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine，
Nanchang 330004， China；2. Jiangxi Jingde Traditional Chinese Medicine Co.， Ltd.， Jiangxi Jingdezhen
333302， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To screen the primary processing methods of Ligusticum sinense slice based on differential
metabolites， and provide theoretical basis for the scientific processing of L. sinense. METHODS Using 13 groups of L. sinense
slice processed by fresh-cutting or traditional methods as samples， UHPLC-QE-MS was employed for metabolite identification.
Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to screen differential metabolites among the 13 sample groups， analyzing the effects of
washing， soaking， drying methods， and drying cycles on both the relative expressions of differential metabolites and the contents
of carboxylic acids and their derivatives in the samples （to reflect the total amino acid content）. RESULTS Principal component
analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis both showed significant intergroup differences among the 13 sample groups.
A total of 688 differential metabolites were screened from the 13 sample groups， with carboxylic acids and their derivatives
showing the highest proportion. The relative expression levels of phosphatidylcholine significantly increased after washing
treatment， while tryptophan expression significantly decreased after soaking treatment. Samples dried at 50-60 ℃ showed
significantly increased expression of psoralen， whereas those dried at 40 ℃ showed significantly decreased expression of methyl-p-
methoxycinnamate. Both washing and soaking treatments significantly reduced the total amino acid content in samples， while
secondary drying significantly increased it. The three controlled-temperature drying methods maintained relatively stable total
content of amino acids in samples. CONCLUSIONS The optimal processing protocol for L. sinense slice is as follows: fresh L.
sinense slice should be freshly cut at the production site，
Δ 基金项目 中央本级重大增减支项目（No.2060302）；江西省中 undergo quick washing after soil removal， and be dried twice
医药标委会 2021 年第一批标准化项目（No.2020A01）；江西中医药大
at 40 ℃ （before and after slicing）.
学博士科研启动基金（No.2023BSZR025） KEYWORDS
＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：中药资源开发与利用。 Ligusticum sinense； untargeted metabolomics；
E-mail：heyu7397@163.com fresh processing； traditional processing； differential
# 通信作者 教授，博士生导师，博士。研究方向：中药资源开发与 metabolites； processing methods
利用。E-mail：wtzsw@163.com

中国药房 2025年第36卷第11期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 11 · 1317 ·