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不同基原枳实的多组分含量测定及差异性成分分析
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吴倩颖 1, 2* ,刘德鸿 ,陈伟康 1, 2 # ,陈 希 ,朱艳艳 ,王 杰(1.江西中医药大学药学院,南昌 330004;2.江西
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省药品检验检测研究院/国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室/江西省药品与医疗器械质量工程技
术研究中心,南昌 330029)
中图分类号 R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)09-1071-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.09.09
摘 要 目的 测定不同基原(酸橙、香橙、臭橙、脐橙、甜橙)枳实中15种成分的含量,筛选差异性成分,为枳实的质量评价提供参
考。方法 采用高效液相色谱法对46批不同基原枳实中辛弗林、N-甲基酪胺、5,7-二羟基色酮-7-新橙皮糖苷、新北美圣草苷、柚
皮芸香苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、柚皮素、橙皮素、甜橙黄酮、川陈皮素、橘皮素、5-去甲川陈皮素、橙皮油素的含量进行测定。
色谱条件采用 Waters Symmetry C18色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1% 甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速为 1.0 mL/min;柱温为40 ℃;
检测波长为284 nm;进样量为5 μL。采用聚类分析、主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA)法分析不同基原
枳实样品间的差异,并筛选差异性成分。结果 上述15种成分在其检测质量浓度范围内线性关系均良好(r均大于0.999 0),精密
度、稳定性(24 h)及重复性试验的RSD均小于2.00%,平均加样回收率为91.1%~103.9%(RSD均小于3.10%)。聚类分析、PCA、
OPLS-DA结果显示,甜橙、脐橙基原枳实聚为一类,酸橙、香橙、臭橙基原枳实聚为另一类;新橙皮苷、橙皮油素、柚皮苷、新北美圣
草苷、橘皮素、橙皮苷、甜橙黄酮、5,7-二羟基色酮-7-新橙皮糖苷的变量重要性投影值大于1。结论 本研究测定了不同基原枳实
中15种成分的含量,并筛选出了包括新橙皮苷、橙皮油素、柚皮苷、新北美圣草苷等在内的8种差异性成分。
关键词 枳实;基原;多元统计分析;含量测定;差异性成分
Determination of multi-component content and analysis of differential components in Aurantii Fructus
Immaturus from different origins
WU Qianying ,LIU Dehong ,CHEN Weikang ,CHEN Xi ,ZHU Yanyan ,WANG Jie (1. School of
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Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China;2. Jiangxi Institute for Drug
Control/NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Patent Medicine/Jiangxi Province Engineering
Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang 330029, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the contents of 15 components in Aurantii Fructus Immaturus from different origins
(Citrus aurantium, C. junos, C. aurantium Linn., C. sinensis Osb., C. sinensis), screen differential components, and provide
references for the quality evaluation of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus. METHODS HPLC method was adopted to determine the
contents of synephrine, N-methyltyramine, 5,7-dihydroxychromone-7-neohesperidoside, neoponcirin, narirutin, naringin,
hesperidin, neohesperidin, naringenin, hesperetin, sinensetin, nobiletin, tangeretin, 5-demethylnobiletin, and auraptene in 46
batches of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus from different origins. The determination was performed on Waters Symmetry C18 column
with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min; column temperature
was set at 40 ℃, detection wavelength was 284 nm, and sample injection volume was 5 μL. The differences between different
origins of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus were analyzed by cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal
partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and differential components were screened. RESULTS The linear
relationships of the aforementioned 15 components were all good within the tested mass concentration ranges (all r>0.999 0). The
RSDs for precision, stability (24 h), and repeatability tests
Δ 基金项目 江西省重点研发计划项目(No.20212BBG73025);江
西省药品监督管理局科研项目(No.2021KY44) were all less than 2.00%. The average recovery rate ranged
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :药 物 分 析 。 E-mail: from 91.1% to 103.9% (all RSDs<3.10%). Cluster analysis,
2547912536@qq.com
PCA, and OPLS-DA revealed that C. sinensis Osb. and C.
# 通信作者 主任中药师,硕士生导师。研究方向:药物分析。
E-mail:13474608@qq.com sinensis were clustered into one category, while C. aurantium,
中国药房 2025年第36卷第9期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 9 · 1071 ·