Page 18 - 《中国药房》2025年5期

基于扎根理论的医师处方行为访谈提纲设计和质控方法研究
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陶丽源 1， 2＊ ，王 莉 ，向心力 ，杨 璐 ，段松冷 ，姜德春 （1.首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院药学部，北京
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100038；2. 北京京煤集团总医院药学部，北京 102300；3. 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院药学部，北京
100010；4.首都医科大学药学院，北京 100069）
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2025）05-0524-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.05.03

摘 要 目的 建立基于扎根理论访谈提纲的设计流程和质控评估方法，为医疗领域的质性研究访谈提纲设计提供思路。方法
开展文献调研以了解研究现状；围绕具体研究内容初拟访谈提纲；采用三角测量法及课题组成员评议、专家审阅、预访谈等方式修
订访谈提纲以实现质控；制定质量评价指标及目标值（访谈提纲的整体质量评价平均得分≥4.5分，单个指标平均得分≥4.00分），
对访谈提纲进行效果评价。以疾病诊断相关分组支付背景下医师处方行为影响机制研究为例，将上述访谈提纲建立的方法学内
容应用在实际研究中。结果 访谈提纲内容包含基本信息及访谈问题；访谈提纲的问题结构设置分为医师处方行为影响因素调
研、规范医师处方行为的助推因素和阻碍因素调研、沟通交流3个部分，共计12个问题。经过课题组成员评议、专家审阅及预访
谈，共有9人参与访谈提纲质量评价，提纲整体质量评价的平均得分为4.94分（＞4.50分），且每个指标的平均得分均大于4.00分，
表明访谈提纲质量满足访谈要求，可以用于正式访谈。结论 本文建立的基于扎根理论的访谈提纲设计和质控方法为医疗领域的
质性研究访谈提纲设计提供了思路，也为进一步利用扎根理论研究疾病诊断相关分组支付背景下医师处方行为的影响因素和机
制奠定了工作基础。
关键词 扎根理论；访谈提纲；医师处方行为；疾病诊断相关分组

Research on interview outline design and quality control methods based on grounded theory for physician
prescribing behavior
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TAO Liyuan ，WANG Li ，XIANG Xinli ，YANG Lu ，DUAN Songleng ，JIANG Dechun （1. Dept. of
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Pharmacy， Beijing Shijitan Hospital， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100038， China；2. Dept. of Pharmacy，
Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital， Beijing 102300， China；3. Dept. of Pharmacy， Beijing Hospital of
Traditional Chinese Medicine， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100010， China；4. School of Pharmacy，
Capital Medical University， Beijing 100069， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To establish a interview outline design process and quality control evaluation method based on
grounded theory， providing ideas for qualitative research interview outline design in medical fields. METHODS A literature review
was conducted to understand the current research status； a preliminary interview outline was developed around the research content.
The triangulation method， group evaluation， expert review and pre-interview were adopted to execute the interview outline and
conduct quality control. The evaluation indicators and target values were formulated （an average score for the overall quality
evaluation of all indicators ≥4.5， and an average score for individual indicators ≥4.00） to evaluate the effect of the interview
outline. Taking the research on the mechanism of physicians’ prescribing behavior under the background of Diagnosis Related
Groups （DRGs） payment as an example， the methodological contents of above interview outline were applied in practical research.
RESULTS The interview outline included basic information and interview questions. The interview questions were divided into
three parts：influencing factors survey， promoting and hindering factors of standardizing physician prescription behavior， and
communication， with a total of 12 questions. After being reviewed by members of the research group， experts review and pre-
interview， a total of 9 people participated in the quality control evaluation of the interview outline. The overall evaluation score was
4.94 （＞4.50）， and the average score of each indicator was
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目（No.72074157） greater than 4.00， indicating that the quality of the outline met
＊第一作者 副主任药师，硕士研究生。研究方向：药事管理、临床
the requirements for the interview and could be used for the
药学。E-mail：taoliyuan1987@163.com
# 通信作者 主任药师，教授，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：临床 formal interview. CONCLUSIONS The established interview
药学、药事管理。E-mail：jiangdechun@sina.com outline design and quality control method based on grounded

· 524 · China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 5 中国药房 2025年第36卷第5期