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each group were given the corresponding drug solutions or normal saline by gavage or/and intraperitoneal injection once a day for
14 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the disease activity index (DAI) and colonic mucosal damage
index (CMDI) were employed to assess the severity of UC and colonic mucosal damage in each group. Colonic tissue pathological
changes were observed, and histopathological scores were recorded. Apoptosis in colonic tissue, levels of inflammatory cytokines
[tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α), interferon- β (IFN- β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10], and expressions of pathway-related
proteins [STING, TBK1, IRF3, nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65)] were detected. RESULTS Compared with the control group,
the model group showed severe destruction of colonic mucosa and glandular structure, mucosal epithelial erosion, crypt loss,
marked inflammatory cell infiltration; it also demonstrated significant increase in DAI score, CMDI score, colonic
histopathological score, apoptosis rate, the levels of TNF-α and IFN-β, and protein expression of STING and phosphorylation
levels of TBK1, IRF3 and NF-κB p65, while the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with
the model group, the low- and high-dose ASP groups showed relatively intact colonic mucosal structure, orderly glandular
arrangement, reduced congestion and edema, and markedly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and ulcers; all quantitative
indicators were significantly improved, with the high-dose group showing more pronounced improvements than the low-dose group
(P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose ASP group, the above indicators of rats in the high-dose ASP+STING activator group
were significantly reversed (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ASP may alleviate colonic pathological injury and inflammatory response
in UC rats by inhibiting the STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathway.
KEYWORDS asperuloside; ulcerative colitis; colonic pathological injury; inflammatory response; STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling
pathway
溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)是一种慢性复 于NF-κB的上游,故本课题组推测该通路可能是ASP的
发性炎症性胃肠系统疾病,可造成结肠黏膜层炎症损 潜在作用靶点。基于此,本研究从 STING/TBK1/IRF3
[1]
伤,破坏胃肠道黏膜屏障,增加结直肠癌的发生风险 。 信号通路出发,初步探讨ASP对UC的影响及潜在机制,
目前,UC的治疗方式主要包括药物治疗及手术治疗,但 旨在为UC治疗新药的开发提供参考。
效果有限,且存在一定的安全风险,因此寻找更有效的 1 材料
[2]
低风险治疗手段是当前学界的研究重点之一 。 1.1 主要仪器
近年来,天然化合物及其衍生物因疗效好、毒副作 本研究采用的主要仪器包括SM-101型光学显微镜
用小而备受学界关注。车叶草苷(asperuloside,ASP)是 (澳大利亚 KEWLAB 公司)、DMi8-S 型荧光显微镜(德
一种环烯醚萜苷类成分,分离自茜草科植物,具有较强 国 Leica 公司)、3000FA 型酶标仪(上海闪谱生物科技
的抗炎、抗氧化作用,可用于治疗急性肺损伤、尿酸性肾 有限公司)、OmegaLum G 型蛋白凝胶成像系统(美国
[3]
病和类风湿性关节炎等炎症性疾病 。研究证实,ASP Aplegen公司)等。
可改善非酒精性脂肪性肝病小鼠的肝脏脂质沉积和炎 1.2 主要药品与试剂
[4]
症反应 。干扰素基因刺激因子(stimulator of interferon ASP 原料药(批号 BH-R3019,纯度≥99%)购自上
genes,STING)是一种衔接蛋白,主要存在于内质网中, 海博湖生物科技有限公司;STING 激活剂 ADU-S100 的
可通过作用于异常的细胞质DNA来调控先天免疫反应 原料药(批号 HY-12885A,纯度≥99.83%)购自美国
过程 。当 STING 被激活后,可通过募集和激活 TANK MedChemExpress 公司;三硝基苯磺酸、苏木精-伊红
[5]
结合激酶 1(TANK binding kinase 1,TBK1)和干扰素调 (HE)染色试剂盒(批号分别为YR0417、YR0059)均购自
节因子 3(interferon regulatory factor 3,IRF3)来启动下 上海远慕生物科技有限公司;TUNEL 凋亡检测试剂盒
游核因子 κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)信号的转导,最 (批号 A111-01)购自苏州新赛美生物科技有限公司;肿
终导致 β 干扰素(interferon-β,IFN-β)的产生 。研究发 瘤坏死因子 α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞
[6]
现,茯苓酸可通过抑制环磷酸鸟苷-腺苷酸合成酶/ 介素 4(interleukin-4,IL-4)、IL-10 酶联免疫吸附测定
STING信号通路来抑制TBK1和IRF3的表达,从而减轻 (ELISA)试剂盒(批号分别为 70-EK3823/2、70-EK3041/
[7]
UC 大鼠肠上皮细胞损伤 。据报道,ASP 可通过抑制 2、70-EK3101/2)均购自杭州联科生物技术有限公司;
NF-κB 信号通路来改善慢性结肠炎小鼠的结肠氧化应 IFN-β ELISA 试剂盒(批号 E-EL-R0545)购自武汉伊莱
[8]
激和炎症反应 。由于 STING/TBK1/IRF3 信号通路位 瑞特生物科技股份有限公司;兔源 TBK1、磷酸化 TBK1
中国药房 2024年第35卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 22 · 2757 ·