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·药师与药学服务·


          1 例紫癜性肾炎合并下肢深静脉血栓形成患儿的抗栓治疗分析
          与药学监护
                            Δ


                                    3 #
                            1
          刘维婷    1, 2* ,李波霞 ,常耀文 (1.兰州大学第一医院药剂科,兰州 730013;2.兰州市第一人民医院药剂科,
          兰州 730050;3.兰州大学第一医院介入医学科,兰州 730013)

          中图分类号  R969      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)20-2548-04
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.20.18


          摘   要  目的  为下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)患儿抗栓治疗方案的制定提供参考。方法  临床药师参与1例紫癜性肾炎合并下肢
          DVT患儿的抗栓治疗过程,为患儿制定个体化给药方案。考虑患儿下肢DVT经抗凝治疗后未缓解再次入院,临床药师与临床医
          师联合会诊后建议继续使用依诺肝素钠注射液30 mg,q12 h,皮下注射,抗凝治疗,同时行置管溶栓治疗和溶栓药物治疗(静脉泵
          入注射用尿激酶20万单位,qd);关注患儿不良反应发生情况,监测凝血指标变化;对于出院后的长期抗凝治疗,建议口服利伐沙
          班片10 mg,qd,并根据患儿体重变化调整药物剂量。结果  临床医师采纳建议。患儿经治疗后凝血指标恢复正常,下肢DVT症状
          明显好转,且出院后未出现出血及其他血栓事件。结论  临床药师依据药学专业知识协助临床医师为患儿制定个体化的抗栓治疗
          方案,有助于保障儿童用药的有效性和安全性。
          关键词  儿童;下肢深静脉血栓形成;抗栓治疗;临床药师;药学监护

          Antithrombotic therapy and pharmaceutical care of a child with purpura nephritis complicated with lower
          extremity deep venous thrombosis
          LIU Weiting ,LI Boxia ,CHANG Yaowen(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  First  Hospital  of  Lanzhou  University,
                     1, 2
                                                 3
                                1
          Lanzhou  730013,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  First  People’s  Hospital  of  Lanzhou,  Lanzhou  730050,
          China;3. Dept. of Interventional Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730013, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  provide  a  reference  for  the  formulation  of  the  antithrombotic  treatment  regimen  of  children  with
          lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT). METHODS The clinical pharmacist participated in the antithrombotic treatment of
          a  child  with  purpura  nephritis  complicated  with  lower  extremity  DVT  and  formulated  an  individualized  dosing  plan  for  the  child.
          Considering  that  the  child  was  readmitted  to  the  hospital  when  DVT  of  the  lower  extremities  did  not  relieve  after  anticoagulation
          therapy,  it  was  recommended  that  thrombolytic  therapy (Enoxaparin  sodium  injection  30  mg,  q2  h,  i.d.)  be  initiated  after  joint
          consultation  by  clinical  pharmacists  and  physicians;  catheter  thrombolysis  and  thrombolytic  drug  therapy  were  simultaneously
          performed (intravenous  infusion  of  200  000  units  of  Urokinase  for  injection,  per  day);  great  attention  should  be  paid  to  the
          occurrence  of  adverse  drug  reactions  in  children,  and  the  changes  in  coagulation  indexes  of  the  children  should  be  monitored.  For
          long-term  anticoagulation  therapy  after  discharge,  clinical  pharmacists  recommended  oral  Rivaroxaban  tablets  10  mg,  qd,  and
          adjusted the dose according to the weight change of the child. RESULTS The clinician adopted the pharmacist’s recommendations.
          After  drug  thrombolytic  therapy,  the  child’s  coagulation  indicators  returned  to  normal,  the  symptoms  of  lower  extremity  DVT
          improved  significantly,  and  there  were  no  adverse  events  of  bleeding  or  other  thrombotic  events  after  discharge.  CONCLUSIONS
          Clinical pharmacists can assist clinicians in formulating individualized treatment plans for children based on their expertise in pharmacy to
          ensure the rationality of medication use in children, which helps ensure the effectiveness and safety of medication for children.
          KEYWORDS     children; lower extremity deep venous thrombosis; antithrombotic therapy; clinical pharmacist; pharmaceutical care


              深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)是            静脉血液回流障碍,引起远端静脉高压、肢体肿胀、疼痛
          指血液在深静脉腔内异常凝结,阻塞静脉管腔,而导致                            及浅静脉扩张等临床症状,多见于下肢及髂骨段深静
                                                              脉,可引起肺栓塞及血栓后综合征等不良后果,严重时
              Δ  基金项目 甘 肃 省 科 技 计 划 项 目 自 然 科 学 基 金(No.                           [1]
                                                              甚至可致残或危及生命 。因此,安全且有效的抗栓治
          22JR11RA036)                                        疗至关重要。近年来,随着中心静脉导管等在患儿中应
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:抗凝临床药学。电话:
                                                                                                       [2]
                                                              用的增多,使得儿童DVT发病率呈逐渐上升趋势 ,其中
          0931-8356440。E-mail:lzssyy_lwt@163.com
                                                                                           [3]
              # 通信作者 副主任医师,硕士。研究方向:血管介入医学。电话:                 由肾脏疾病导致的血栓比例约2% ,但儿童DVT治疗的
          0931-8356455。E-mail:279185732@qq.com                相关指南及临床研究较少。随着临床药学的发展,临床药

          · 2548 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 20                            中国药房  2024年第35卷第20期
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