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正交实验结合AHP和GA-BP神经网络优化益黄散醇提工艺
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          王 巍 ,杨武杰 ,韩 宇 ,安悦言 ,郝 季 ,张 强 ,鞠成国 (1. 辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁 大连
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          116600;2.辽宁中医药大学医学检验学院,辽宁 沈阳 110874)
          中图分类号  R284.2;R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)03-0327-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.03.11
          摘  要  目的  优化益黄散的醇提工艺。方法  采用回流提取法,以乙醇体积分数、液料比、提取时间为考察因素设计正交实验,以
          橙皮苷、川陈皮素、橘皮素、没食子酸、诃黎勒酸、诃子酸、甘草苷、甘草酸、丁香酚含量和干浸膏得率为指标,采用层次分析法
         (AHP)进行赋权并计算综合评分。通过验证正交实验和遗传算法(GA)-反向传播神经网络(BP神经网络)所预测的结果确定益
          黄散最佳醇提工艺参数。结果  正交实验优选的最佳醇提工艺参数为乙醇体积分数60%、液料比14∶1(mL/g)、提取时间90 min、
          提取2次,验证所得综合评分为79.19分;GA-BP神经网络优选的最佳醇提工艺参数为乙醇体积分数65%、液料比14∶1(mL/g)、提
          取时间60 min、提取2次,验证所得综合评分为85.30分,高于正交实验所得结果。结论  采用正交实验结合GA-BP神经网络的寻
          优方法较传统的正交实验寻优方法效果更佳,其优选出的益黄散最佳醇提工艺稳定可靠。
          关键词  益黄散;醇提工艺;正交实验;遗传算法;BP神经网络;层次分析法

          Optimization  of  ethanol  extraction  process  for  Yihuang  powder  by  orthogonal  experiment  combined  with
          AHP and GA-BP neural network
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          WANG Wei ,YANG Wujie ,HAN Yu ,AN Yueyan ,HAO Ji ,ZHANG Qiang ,JU Chengguo(1.  School  of
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          Pharmacy,  Liaoning  University  of Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,  Dalian  116600,  China;2.  Medical  Laboratory
          Science School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  optimize  ethanol  extraction  process  of  Yihuang  powder.  METHODS  An  orthogonal  experiment
          was designed by reflux extraction with ethanol volume fraction, liquid-to-material ratio, and extraction time as investigation factors.
          The  parameters  used  were  the  contents  of  hesperidin,  nobiletin,  tangeretin,  gallic  acid,  chebulagic  acid,  chebulinic  acid,
          liquiritin,  glycyrrhizin,  eugenol,  and  the  paste-forming  rate.  The  analytic  hierarchy  process (AHP)  was  used  to  calculate  the
          comprehensive score. The optimal ethanol extraction process parameters of Yihuang powder were determined by verifying the results
          predicted by orthogonal experiment and genetic algorithm (GA)-back propagation neural network (BP neural network). RESULTS
          The  optimal  ethanol  extraction  process  parameters,  as  optimized  by  orthogonal  experiment,  were  as  follows:  ethanol  volume
          fraction of 60%, liquid-solid ratio of 14∶1 (mL/g), extraction time of 90 min, and extraction for 2 times. The comprehensive score
          obtained  by  verification  was  79.19.  Meanwhile,  the  optimal  ethanol  extraction  process  parameters,  optimized  by  GA-BP  neural
          network, were ethanol volume fraction of 65%, liquid-solid ratio of 14∶1 (mL/g ), extraction time of 60 min, and extraction for 2
          times.  The  comprehensive  score  obtained  by  verification  was  85.30,  higher  than  the  results  obtained  from  orthogonal  experiment.
          CONCLUSIONS  The  optimization  method  of  orthogonal  experiment  combined  with  GA-BP  neural  network  is  superior  to  the
          traditional  orthogonal  experiment  optimization  method.  The  optimized  ethanol  extraction  process  of  Yihuang  powder  is  stable  and
          reliable.
          KEYWORDS    Yihuang  powder;  ethanol  extraction  process;  orthogonal  experiment;  genetic  algorithm;  BP  neural  network;
          analytic hierarchy process


                                                               [1]
              益黄散出自宋代钱乙的《小儿药证直诀》,又名补脾                        瘦 。方中陈皮用量独大,为君药,性温,味辛、苦,专入
          散,为补脾经典方剂。该方由陈皮、青皮、炮诃子、炙甘                          脾胃,行气健脾;青皮性温,味苦,为臣药,有疏肝破气、
          草、丁香组成,用于治疗小儿脾胃虚弱、脾疳、腹大、身                          消积化滞之效;诃子性温,味酸、涩,为臣药,炮制后涩肠

                                                             止泻效果更佳;炙甘草性平,味甘,为佐药,补脾和胃,调
               Δ 基金项目 辽宁中医药大学自然科学类重点项目(No. 2021-
          LZY034)                                            和诸药;丁香性温,味辛,为使药,入胃,温中散寒降逆;
             *第一作者 教授,博士。研究方向:中药质量评价及新药开发。                                                     [2]
                                                             诸药合用,共奏健运脾气、行气化湿之功 。该方在现代
          E-mail:ww_101737@126.com
                                                             临床多用于治疗小儿厌食症及脾虚泄泻,用法以汤剂为
              # 通信作者 教授,博士。研究方向:中药炮制工艺及原理研究。
          E-mail:jcg7092357@163.com                          主,但以上 5 味药材水煎液苦涩味重,儿童服用依从性


          中国药房  2024年第35卷第3期                                                 China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 3    · 327 ·
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