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铁皮石斛多糖的提取工艺及对小鼠急性肺损伤改善作用的研究
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刘子菁 ,从静文,程 卓,牟 琳,吴汐柔,王子豪,杨俊颜,信小兵(新疆第二医学院药学院,新疆 克拉玛依
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834000)
中图分类号 R965;R284.2 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)22-2745-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.22.10
摘 要 目的 优化铁皮石斛多糖的提取工艺,初步研究其对小鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)的改善作用。方法 以铁皮石斛为原料,采用
超声辅助热水浸渍法提取铁皮石斛多糖;以铁皮石斛多糖提取率为响应值,通过单因素实验和 Box-Behnken 响应面法优化料液
比、提取时间、提取温度。通过脂多糖诱导建立ALI小鼠模型,以醋酸泼尼松(5 mg/kg)为阳性对照,考察低、中、高剂量铁皮石斛
多糖(50、100、200 mg/kg)对模型小鼠肺湿/干重比和肺组织病理形态(苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色)的影响。结果 铁皮石斛多
糖的最优提取工艺为料液比 1∶25(g/mL),提取时间 1 h,提取温度 58 ℃;该工艺所得铁皮石斛多糖的平均提取率为 37.75%
(RSD=1.12%,n=3),与预测值(38.63%)的相对误差为2.28%。与模型组比较,阳性对照组和铁皮石斛多糖各剂量组小鼠的肺湿/
干重比均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),肺组织病理变化(肺泡结构严重破坏,肺泡间隔明显增宽,大量炎症细胞浸润及成纤维细
胞增生)均有不同程度缓解。结论 优化的铁皮石斛多糖提取工艺可行,且所得的铁皮石斛多糖对小鼠ALI有一定的改善作用。
关键词 铁皮石斛多糖;提取工艺;Box-Behnken响应面法;脂多糖;急性肺损伤
Study on the extraction of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale and its improvement effect on acute
lung injury in mice
LIU Zijing,CONG Jingwen,CHENG Zhuo,MU Lin,WU Xirou,WANG Zihao,YANG Junyan,XIN Xiaobing
(School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Second Medical College, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, and preliminarily
study its effect on acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. METHODS Using D. officinale as raw material, the polysaccharides were
extracted from D. officinale by ultrasonic-assisted hot water immersion. Using the extraction rate of D. officinale polysaccharides as
response value, the single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken response surface method were used to optimize the ratio of material
to liquid, extraction time and extraction temperature. ALI mice were induced by lipopolysaccharide. Using prednisone acetate (5 mg/kg)
as the positive control, the effects on the mass ratio of wet and dry lung and pathological changes of lung tissue (HE staining and
Masson staining) of low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose D. officinale polysaccharides (50,100,200 mg/kg) were investigated.
RESULTS The optimal extraction technology of D. officinale polysaccharides was as follows: the ratio of material to liquid was
1∶25 (g/mL), the extracting time was 1 h, and the extracting temperature was 58 ℃ . Under these conditions, the average
extraction rate of D. officinale polysaccharides was 37.75% (RSD=1.12%,n=3), the relative error of which with predicted value
(38.63%) was 2.28%. Compared with the model group, the ratios of wet and dry lung in the positive control group and D.
officinale polysaccharides groups were all decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the pathological changes in lung tissue
(severe destruction of alveolar structure, significant widening of alveolar septa, extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells and
proliferation of fibroblasts) were alleviated to varying degrees. CONCLUSIONS The optimal extraction process of D. officinale
polysaccharides is feasible; the obtained polysaccharide extract has a certain improvement effect on ALI in mice.
KEYWORDS polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale; extraction technology; Box-Behnken response surface method;
lipopolysaccharide; acute lung injury
铁皮石斛为兰科植物铁皮石斛 Dendrobium offici‐ nale Kimura et Migo的干燥茎,主要分布在我国安徽、四
川、浙江、云南、江西等地。该药主要含有多糖、生物碱、
Δ 基金项目 新疆维吾尔自治区区级大学生创新创业训练计划项 氨基酸和微量元素等化学成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗
目(No.S202113560005);克拉玛依市创新环境建设计划(创新人才)项
急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)、扩张血管和抗血小
目(No.2022hjcxrc0058) 板凝集等多种药理作用 。目前,国内外多糖的提取方
[1]
*第一作者 药师。研究方向:天然产物活性成分。E-mail:
法很多,主要包括浸渍法、回流法、超声法、微波法、酶解
932242219@qq.com
# 通信作者 讲师,硕士。研究方向:天然产物活性成分。E-mail: 法、闪式提取法、冻融提取法等,但单一提取法存在提取
[2]
18699300391@163.com 率低、工艺复杂、提取物杂质多等弊端 。
中国药房 2023年第34卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 22 · 2745 ·