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中药活性成分调控mTOR信号通路干预糖尿病肾病的研究进展
Δ
1*
2 #
贾慧雨 ,冯志海 (1.河南中医药大学第一临床医学院,郑州 450046;2.河南中医药大学第一附属医院内分
泌科,郑州 450003)
中图分类号 R285 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)13-1656-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.13.22
摘 要 糖尿病肾病(DN)是引起终末期肾病的主要病因之一,发病机制尚不完全清楚,目前认为与高糖条件下自噬紊乱、氧化应
激、炎症反应等多种因素介导的肾脏损伤关系密切。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路是参与蛋白质合成及调节自噬
过程的核心通路,在DN的发生发展中起着重要作用。近年来,中医药防治DN的研究取得了关键性进展。大量证据表明,中药活
性成分可通过调节mTOR信号通路提高自噬水平,改善氧化应激和炎症反应,抑制细胞的凋亡及异常增殖,从而缓解足细胞损伤、
肾小球基底膜增厚、系膜组织异常及肾小管功能障碍等肾脏病理改变,减少蛋白尿并改善肾功能,对延缓DN进展具有重要意义。
本文系统总结了中药皂苷类、黄酮类、多酚类、生物碱类、萜类等活性成分通过mTOR信号通路干预DN的研究进展,可为进一步
的基础研究和临床新药开发提供一定参考。
关键词 糖尿病肾病;中药活性成分;哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白;信号通路
Research progress of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine in the intervention of diabetic
nephropathy by regulating mTOR signaling pathway
2
JIA Huiyu ,FENG Zhihai (1. First College of Clinical Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,
1
Zhengzhou 450046,China;2. Dept. of Endocrinology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of
Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
ABSTRACT Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease,and its pathogenesis is
still unclear. Currently,it is believed to be closely related to kidney injury mediated by various factors such as autophagy disorder
under the condition of high glucose,oxidative stress and inflammation. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway
is crucial for protein synthesis and autophagy regulation,which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DN. In
recent years,the research on the prevention and treatment of DN with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made important
progress. Plenty of evidence has shown that the active ingredients of TCM can enhance autophagy,improve oxidative stress and
inflammation,inhibit cell apoptosis and abnormal proliferation by regulating mTOR signaling pathway,so as to relieve pathological
changes in the kidney such as podocyte injury,glomerular basement membrane thickening,mesangial tissue abnormalities and renal
tubule dysfunction,thereby reducing proteinuria and improving renal function. All of the above are of great significance for delaying
the progression of DN. This article systematically summarizes the research progress of saponins,flavonoids,polyphenols,alkaloids,
terpenoids and other active ingredients of TCM intervening in DN through mTOR signaling pathway,in order to provide some
reference for further basic research and the development of new drugs.
KEYWORDS diabetic nephropathy; active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine; mammalian target of rapamycin;
signaling pathway
糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)是糖尿病最 排泄增加,伴或不伴有肾小球滤过率下降为主要临床特
常见和最严重的微血管并发症之一,以持续性的蛋白尿 征。随着糖尿病患病人数的不断增加,DN 的患病率和
发病率均急剧上升。据调查,我国约 20%~40% 的糖尿
[1]
Δ 基金项目 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(No.2021ZY2001); 病患者合并有 DN 。在全球范围内,DN 已成为终末期
河南省首批青苗人才培养项目(No.豫中医科教〔2018〕16号) 肾病(end-stage renal disease,ESRD)的主要病因之一,给
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治内分泌疾病。
公共卫生系统造成了巨大压力。目前,DN 的发病机制
E-mail:j15225125367@163.com
尚不完全清楚,业内普遍认为与高糖状态下自噬失调、
# 通信作者 主任医师,硕士生导师。研究方向:中医药防治内分
泌疾病。E-mail:13607649136@163.com 氧化应激、炎症反应等多种因素介导的肾脏损害关系密
· 1656 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 13 中国药房 2023年第34卷第13期