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土家族麝针疗法改善缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠认知能力缺陷的作
用及机制
Δ
1， 2 #
陈岳望 ，李 鸿 ，黄 琪 ，杨 鑫 ，姚佳丽 ，徐 蕾 ，涂 星 （1. 湖北民族大学医学部，湖北 恩施
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1＊
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1
1
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445000；2.湖北民族大学武陵山中药材检验检测中心，湖北 恩施 445000）
中图分类号 R965；R285.5 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2023）09-1076-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.10
摘 要 目的 研究土家族麝针疗法对缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠认知能力缺陷的改善作用及机制。方法 将44只大鼠随机分成假
手术组、模型组、麝针治疗组、普通针刺组，每组11只。除假手术组外，其余各组大鼠采用改良线栓法构建缺血性脑卒中大鼠模
型。造模成功后，麝针治疗组和普通针刺组大鼠分别利用土家族麝针（含人工麝香3 mg）和传统毫针干预缺血区对侧头皮运动区
肌层，干预时长为3个疗程；假手术组和模型组大鼠不进行任何干预。记录大鼠神经功能缺损评分并进行Morris水迷宫行为学测
试，观察大鼠脑皮质区神经元形态及缺血侧室管膜下区DCX/BrdU和NeuN/BrdU联合标记细胞的表达情况，检测大鼠血浆中缺氧
诱导因子1α（HIF-1α）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平。结果 与假手术组比较，模型组大鼠神经功能缺损评分显著升高，逃避
潜伏期显著延长，通过平台次数显著减少（P＜0.05）；神经元结构明显破坏，周围尼氏小体数量减少；缺血侧室管膜下区DCX/BrdU
和NeuN/BrdU联合标记的细胞数量显著增加，血浆中HIF-1α、VEGF水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。与模型组比较，麝针治疗组和普通
针刺组大鼠神经功能缺损评分、逃避潜伏期、通过平台次数均显著逆转（P＜0.05）；神经元结构明显改善，尼氏小体数量增多；缺血
侧室管膜下区 DCX/BrdU 和 NeuN/BrdU 联合标记的细胞数量显著增加（P＜0.05）；血浆中 HIF-1α、VEGF 水平显著升高（P＜
0.05）。与普通针刺组比较，麝针治疗组大鼠血浆中HIF-1α水平降低（但差异无统计学意义），VEGF水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。结
论 土家族麝针疗法可改善缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠的认知能力缺陷；其作用机制可能与促进缺血侧室管膜下区神经干细胞的迁移和
分化，抑制HIF-1α过度释放，增加VEGF表达有关。
关键词 缺血性脑卒中；土家族麝针；认知能力缺陷；神经干细胞；神经元
Effects and mechanisms of Tujia medicine musk needle therapy on improving cognitive dysfunction in
ischemic stroke model rats
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1
CHEN Yuewang ，LI Hong ，HUANG Qi ，YANG Xin ，YAO Jiali ，XU Lei ，TU Xing （1. Medical School，
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1， 2
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Hubei Minzu University， Hubei Enshi 445000， China；2. Inspection and Testing Center for Traditional Chinese
Medicine of Wuling Mountain， Hubei Minzu University， Hubei Enshi 445000， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects and mechanisms of Tujia medicine musk needle therapy on
cognitive dysfunction in ischemic stroke model rats. METHODS Totally 44 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group，
model group， musk needle treatment group and ordinary acupuncture group， with 11 rats in each group. Except for the sham
operation group， ischemic stroke model was induced by modified suture method in other groups. After modeling， musk needle
treatment group and the ordinary acupuncture group were treated with Tujia musk needle （containing 3 mg of artificial musk） and
traditional filiform needle respectively to intervene in the muscle layer of the contralateral scalp motor area， with an intervention
duration of 3 courses. The sham operation group and model group were not given any treatment. The neurological deficits score in
rats were recorded and Morris water maze behavioral tests were conducted. The morphology of neurons in the cortical area of rats
was observed， and the expression of DCX/BrdU and NeuN/BrdU co-labeled cells in the ischemic subependymal area was observed.
The plasma levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） in rats were tested.
RESULTS Compared with sham operation group， neurological deficit score of model group was increased significantly， escape
latency prolonged significantly， and the times of crossing platform significantly reduced （P＜0.05）； the neuronal structure was
significantly damaged， and the number of surrounding Nissl bodies decreased； the number of DCX/BrdU and NeuN/BrdU co-
labeled cells in the ischemic subependymal area were
Δ 基金项目 湖北省科技计划项目（No.2017CFB232）；湖北省卫生 significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the levels of HIF-1α and
健康委员会中医药科研立项项目（No.ZY2019Q033）；湖北民族大学大 VEGF in plasma were significantly increased （P＜0.05）.
学生创新创业训练计划项目（No.S202110517055） Compared with model group， neurological deficits score，
＊第一作者 研究方向：临床医学。E-mail：1652847198@qq.com
# 通信作者 副教授，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：民族医药。 escape latency， the times of crossing platform were all
E-mail：2015030@hbmzu.end.cn reversed significantly in musk needle treatment group and
· 1076 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 9 中国药房 2023年第34卷第9期
