Page 44 - 《中国药房》2022年19期
P. 44

4 讨论                                                [ 8 ]  HONG W P,CAI P H,XU C C,et al. Inhibition of glu‐
              一直以来,耐药是肿瘤治疗的主要限制因素,肿瘤                               cose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reverses cisplatin resis‐
          细胞表观遗传改变、自噬增加、缺氧及有氧糖酵解增加                                 tance in lung cancer cells via the redox system[J]. Front
                                                                   Pharmacol,2018,9:43.
          等均可使肿瘤细胞对索拉非尼产生抵抗,从而严重影响
                             [11]
          索拉非尼的治疗效果 。PI3K/Akt 信号通路是肿瘤发                        [ 9 ]  FENG Q,LI X R,SUN W J,et al. Targeting G6PD re‐
          生、发展与耐药的经典信号通路              [12―13] 。相关研究表明,             verses paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer by suppres-
                                                                   sing GSTP1[J]. Biochem Pharmacol,2020,178:114092.
                                              [15]
                                     [14]
          PI3K/Akt 可通过调控免疫逃逸 、转运体 、有氧糖酵                       [10]  SHARMA N,BHUSHAN A,HE J,et al. Metabolic pla-
          解 等,引起肝癌细胞对索拉非尼耐药。G6PD 作为磷                               sticity imparts erlotinib-resistance in pancreatic cancer by
            [16]
          酸戊糖代谢氧化还原阶段的关键酶,除了参与氧化还原                                 upregulating glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase[J]. Can‐
          的调节,还可以通过促进磷酸戊糖代谢物的生成间接参                                 cer Metab,2020,8:19.
                     [17]
          与Akt的激活 。相关研究发现,在口腔鳞状细胞癌和膀                          [11]  TANG W W,CHEN Z Y,ZHANG W L,et al. The mecha‐
          胱癌细胞中敲减 G6PD 基因可使 Akt 活性被抑制                [18―19] ,     nisms of sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma:
          这表明 G6PD 可调控 Akt 的活性。然而,在肝癌细胞索                           theoretical basis and therapeutic aspects[J]. Signal Trans‐
          拉非尼耐药过程中G6PD是否可调控Akt尚不明确。                                duct Target Ther,2020,5(1):87.
              本研究首先在索拉非尼耐药的 Huh7-SR 细胞中发                      [12]  JIANG N N,DAI Q J,SU XR,et al. Role of PI3K/Akt
          现 G6PD 的表达显著升高,但经 G6PD 抑制剂干预后,                           pathway in cancer:the framework of malignant behavior
          Huh7-SR细胞可恢复对索拉非尼的敏感性。与之相反,                         [13]  [J]. Mol Biol Rep,2020,47(6):4587-4629.
                                                                   MAYER I A,ARTEAGA C L. The PI3K/Akt pathway as
          G6PD 过表达可降低 Huh7 细胞对索拉非尼的敏感性。
                                                                   a target for cancer treatment[J]. Annu Rev Med,2016,67:
          这提示 G6PD 高表达更容易导致索拉非尼耐药的发生。
                                                                   11-28.
          此外,在耐药细胞中抑制G6PD的表达可使PI3K/Akt信                       [14]  XU G L,NI C F,LIANG H S,et al. Upregulation of PD-L1
          号通路活性被抑制,但在 G6PD 过表达的肝癌细胞                                expression promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
         (Huh7-G6PD 细胞)中 PI3K/Akt 信号通路则被激活,这                       in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J].
          表明 G6PD 可通过激活 PI3K/Akt 信号通路诱导索拉非                         Gastroenterol Rep(Oxf),2020,8(5):390-398.
          尼耐药。另外,有研究者报道,在肿瘤细胞中,PI3K/Akt                       [15]  ZHANG X Q,HE B,CHEN E M,et al. The aryl hydrocar‐
          信号通路的上下游相关分子如血管内皮细胞生长因子                                  bon receptor ligand ITE inhibits cell proliferation and mi‐
                                                      [18]
              [20]
                                    [21]
          受体 、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 及糖原合成酶激酶 等                                 gration and enhances sensitivity to drug-resistance in hepa‐
          均可被 G6PD 调控,后续也可基于这些相关分子探讨                               tocellular carcinoma[J]. J Cell Physiol,2021,236(1):
          G6PD激活PI3K/Akt信号通路的具体机制。                                 178-192.
              综上所述,G6PD 可通过激活 PI3K/Akt 信号通路诱                  [16]  FENG J,LI J J,WU L W,et al. Emerging roles and the
          导肝癌细胞索拉非尼耐药。                                             regulation of aerobic glycolysis in hepatocellular carci‐
                                                                   noma[J]. J Exp Clin Cancer Res,2020,39(1):126.
          参考文献                                                [17]  CHENG J,HUANG Y,ZHANG X H,et al. TRIM21 and
          [ 1 ]  SIEGEL R L,MILLER K D,FUCHS H E,et al. Cancer     PHLDA3 negatively regulate the crosstalk between the
               statistics,2021[J]. CA Cancer J Clin,2021,71(1):7-33.  PI3K/Akt pathway and PPP metabolism[J]. Nat Commun,
          [ 2 ]  ESCUDIER B,EISEN T,STADLER W M,et al.             2020,11(1):1880.
               Sorafenib in advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma[J].  [18]  WANG Y F,LI Q X,NIU L X,et al. Suppression of
               N Engl J Med,2007,356(2):125-134.                   G6PD induces the expression and bisecting GlcNAc-
          [ 3 ]  LLOVET J M,MONTAL R,SIA D,et al. Molecular thera‐  branched  N-glycosylation  of  E-cadherin  to  block
               pies and precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma  epithelial-mesenchymal transition and lymphatic metasta‐
               [J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2018,15(10):599-616.        sis[J]. Br J Cancer,2020,123(8):1315-1325.
          [ 4 ]  FAN G H,WEI X Y,XU X. Is the era of sorafenib over?  [19]  CHEN X Y,XU Z J,ZHU Z J,et al. Modulation of G6PD
               A review of the literature[J]. Ther Adv Med Oncol,2020,  affects bladder cancer via ROS accumulation and the AKT
               12:1758835920927602.                                pathway in vitro[J]. Int J Oncol,2018,53(4):1703-1712.
          [ 5 ]  STINCONE A,PRIGIONE A,CRAMER T,et al. The re‐  [20]  LEOPOLD J A,WALKER J,SCRIBNER A W,et al. Glu‐
               turn of metabolism:biochemistry and physiology of the  cose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase modulates vascular en‐
               pentose phosphate pathway[J]. Biol Rev Camb Philos  dothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis[J]. J Biol
               Soc,2015,90(3):927-963.                             Chem,2003,278(34):32100-32106.
          [ 6 ]  GE T X,YANG J W,ZHOU S H,et al. The role of the  [21]  ZHANG Q,HANQ Q,YANG Z,et al. G6PD facilitates
               pentose phosphate pathway in diabetes and cancer[J].  clear cell renal cell carcinoma invasion by enhancing
               Front Endocrinol(Lausanne),2020,11:365.             MMP2 expression through ROS‑MAPK axis pathway[J].
          [ 7 ]  YANG H C,WU Y H,YEN W C,et al. The redox role of  Int J Oncol,2020,57(1):197-212.
               G6PD in cell growth,cell death,and cancer[J]. Cells,         (收稿日期:2022-04-01 修回日期:2022-08-19)
               2019,8(9):E1055.                                                                   (编辑:唐晓莲)


          ·2342·   China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 19                                 中国药房    2022年第33卷第19期
   39   40   41   42   43   44   45   46   47   48   49