Page 26 - 《中国药房》2022年10期

乳香炮制后挥发性成分的变化及含量测定 Δ

汪 莹 ，张玉珊，孙丽平，陈昊媛，王 庆，闫凯莉，齐 滨，刘 莉（长春中医药大学药学院，长春 130117）
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中图分类号 R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2022）10-1172-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.10.04

摘 要 目的 分析乳香及其炮制品中挥发性成分的变化，并测定乙酸辛酯等4个成分的含量。方法 提取乳香及炒乳香、醋乳香
的挥发油，采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）法鉴定其成分，并利用Xcalibur 4.0软件及NIST 2.0质谱数据库对相似度≥80％的成分进
行结构鉴定和数据分析，采用峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量；采用GC法同时测定乳香及其炮制品中挥发性成分中柠檬
烯、乙酸辛酯、芳樟醇、正辛醇的含量并进行比较。结果 从乳香、炒乳香、醋乳香挥发性成分中均鉴定出13个成分，主要为醇类、烯
烃类和酯类等，均以乙酸辛酯的相对含量较高，分别为23.86％、37.80％、53.86％。柠檬烯、乙酸辛酯、芳樟醇、正辛醇检测质量浓
度的线性范围分别为0.006 6～0.066 4、0.179 2～1.792 0、0.003 7～0.037 0、0.032 8～0.328 0（r均大于0.999 5）；精密度、重复性、稳
定性（24 h）试验的 RSD 均小于 2％；平均加样回收率分别为 98.56％、100.02％、99.13％、98.66％（RSD≤2.16，n＝6）。乳香中 4 个
成分的平均含量分别为0.15％、16.27％、0.36％、2.26％，炒乳香中分别为0.85％、17.58％、0.66％、3.47％，醋乳香中分别为0.50％、
19.75％、0.58％、3.34％。与乳香比较，炒乳香和醋乳香挥发性成分中乙酸辛酯、芳樟醇、正辛醇、柠檬烯的平均含量均显著升高
（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）；与炒乳香比较，醋乳香中柠檬烯、芳樟醇、正辛醇的平均含量均显著降低，乙酸辛酯的平均含量显著升高（P＜
0.05或P＜0.01）。结论 乳香经炒制和醋制后，所含挥发性成分相似但相对含量有所不同，乙酸辛酯等成分的含量有所增加。
关键词 乳香；炒乳香；醋乳香；挥发性成分；含量测定；气相色谱-质谱法；气相色谱法

Changes of volatile components and their content determination of Olibanum after processing
WANG Ying，ZHANG Yushan，SUN Liping，CHEN Haoyuan，WANG Qing，YAN Kaili，QI Bin，LIU Li（College
of Pharmacy，Changchun University of Chinese Medicine，Changchun 130117，China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the changes of volatile components in Olibanum and its processed products，and to
determine the contents of 4 components as octyl acetate. METHODS The volatile oil of Olibanum，fried Olibanum and Olibanum
stir-baked with vinegar were extracted. The components of volatile components were identified by GC-MS. The structure
identification and data analysis of the chemical components with similarity≥80％ were performed by using Xcalibur 4.0 software
and NIST 2.0 mass spectrum database. The peak area normalization method was used to calculate the relative content of each
component. GC method was adopted to simultaneously determine and compare the contents of limonene，octyl acetate，linalool and
n-octanol in volatile components of Olibanum and its processed products. RESULTS Thirteen components were identified from
volatile components of Olibanum，fried Olibanum and Olibanum stir-baked with vinegar，mainly including alcohols，olefins and
esters；among them，relative contents of octyl acetate in Olibanum，fried Olibanum and Olibanum stir-baked with vinegar were
higher，which were 23.86％ ，37.80％ and 53.86％ respectively. The linear ranges of limonene，octyl acetate，linalool and
n-octanol were 0.006 6-0.066 4，0.179 2 -1.792 0，0.003 7-0.037 0 and 0.032 8-0.328 0 （r＞0.999 5） respectively；RSDs of
precision，repeatability and stability（24 h）tests were all less than 2％；average recoveries were 98.56％，100.02％，99.13％ and
98.66％，respectively（RSD≤2.16，n＝6）. Average contents of 4 components in Olibanum were 0.15％，16.27％，0.36％ and
2.26％，while those of fried Olibanum were 0.85％，17.58％，0.66％ and 3.47％，respectively；those of Olibanum stir-baked with
vinegar were 0.50％ ，19.75％ ，0.58％ and 3.34％ ，respectively. Compared with Olibanum，average contents of octyl acetate，
linalool，n-octanol and limonene in volatile components of fried Olibanum and Olibanum stir-baked with vinegar were increased
significantly（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with fried Olibanum，average contents of limonene，linalool and n-octanol were
decreased significantly，while those of octyl acetate were increased significantly（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS After
fried and stir-baked with vinegar，the volatile components in Olibanum are similar，but the relative contents are different，and the
contents of octyl acetate and other components are increased.
KEYWORDS Olibanum；fried Olibanum；Olibanum stir-baked with vinegar；volatile component；content determination；gas
chromatography-mass spectrometer；gas chromatography
Δ 基金项目：国家重点研发计划课题（No.2017YFC1703202）；吉
林省重大科技专项（No.20210304002YY）；吉林省科技发展计划项目
乳香为橄榄科植物乳香树 Boswellia carterii Birdw.
（No.20210204062YY）
及同属植物 Boswellia bhaw-dajiana Birdw.树皮渗出的
＊硕士研究生。研究方向：中药活性物质分析。E-mail：awa-
树脂，始载于《名医别录》，被列为木部上品，具有活血定
ng654@163.com
[1]
# 通信作者：副教授，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：中药活性物 痛、消肿生肌之功效 ，用于治疗胸痹心痛、胃脘疼痛、痛
[2]
质分析。E-mail：68734263@qq.com 经经闭、风湿痹痛和跌打扭伤等 。乳香的主要成分为
·1172 · China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 10 中国药房 2022年第33卷第10期