Page 45 - 《中国药房》2021年3期
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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To establish pre-column derivatization-HPLC fingerprint of polysaccharide from Achyranthes
bidentata,and to determine the contents of monosaccharide components,so as to provide reference for quality evaluation of A.
bidentata decoction pieces. METHODS:Taking 10 batches of A. bidentata decoction pieces from different manufacturers as
samples,the polysaccharides were extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation,hydrolyzed by trifluoroacetic acid,and
then derivatized by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone for HPLC analysis. The determination was performed on Hanbon Hedera C18
column with column temperature of 30 ℃ at the flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.02 mol/L
ammonium acetate solution(gradient elution). The detection wavelength was set at 250 nm,and sample size was 20 μL. HPLC
fingerprint was established and similarity evaluation was performed for 10 batches of A. bidentata polysaccharide by using TCM
Chromatogramic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System(2012A edition). The common peak was identified by comparing with
the reference substance,and cluster analysis was performed by using SPSS 25.0 software. The contents of identified
monosaccharides were determined by HPLC. RESULTS:The similarity of 10 batches of A. bidentata polysaccharide were all higher
than 0.95. Nine common peaks were fixed and a total of 5 common peaks were identified,namely anhydrous glucose(peak 1),
mannose(peak 2),rhamnose(peak 4),galacturonic acid(peak 5)and arabinose(peak 7). Results of cluster analysis showed that
S1 sample was classified into one category;S2,S5,S8 and S9 samples were clustered into one category;S3,S4,S6,S7 and
S10 samples were clustered into one category. Results of content determination showed that the contents of anhydrous glucose in 10
batches of samples ranged from 6.17 to 17.55 mg/g;those of mannose ranged from 3.31 to 7.66 mg/g;those of rhamnose ranged
from 38.80 to 73.97 mg/g;those of galacturonic acid ranged from 2.49 to 8.95 mg/g;those of arabinose ranged from 11.30 to
28.58 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS:Established pre-column derivatization HPLC fingerprints and content determination method can
provide reference for quality evaluation of A. bidentata decoction pieces.
KEYWORDS Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide;Monosaccharide;Pre-column derivatization;HPLC;Fingerprint;Contnet
determination
怀牛膝Achyranthes bidentata BI.为常用的大宗中药 箱、G1315D 型进样器,美国 Agilent 公司)、BSA124S 型
材之一,最早出自《神农本草经》,以根入药,主要含有甾 万分之一电子天平(北京赛多利斯仪器系统有限公司)、
酮类、皂苷类、多糖类等化合物 [1-2] 。据文献报道,怀牛 TGL-16 型台式高速冷冻离心机(长沙湘仪离心机仪器
膝多糖类组分的毒性低、水溶性好,具有抑制肿瘤细胞 有限公司)、BDHH-6 型数显恒温水浴锅[贝蒂(上海)仪
[3]
转移、增强免疫力、保护肝脏等多种药理活性 。而多糖 器有限公司]、XW-80A 微型旋涡混合仪(上海沪西分析
通常由各种相对固定比例的单糖组成 [4-5] ,因此分析多 仪器厂有限公司)、BHX型电热恒温鼓风干燥箱(南京科
糖中单糖的组成对于研究多糖质量标准和探索多糖结 尔仪器设备有限公司)、PHS-25 型数显 pH 计(上海仪电
构、性质及构效关系等信息具有重要意义 。 科学仪器股份有限公司)等。
[6]
关于多糖中单糖组分的分析方法,通常是先用三氟 1.2 主要药品与试剂
乙酸将多糖水解成单糖,再利用发光试剂衍生后通过高 本研究所用的药品与试剂主要有无水葡萄糖对照
效液相色谱(HPLC)法进行分离和检测 。而指纹图谱 品、D-半乳糖醛酸对照品、鼠李糖对照品、D-甘露糖对
[7]
作为一种可体现中药化学成分整体特征的质量评价方 照品、L(+)阿拉伯糖对照品(中国食品药品检定研究
[8]
法,对药材的全面控制具有重要作用 。若将生物大分子 院,批号分别为 110833-201707、140648-201804、111646-
多糖经衍生化后分析其单糖组成,再结合指纹图谱技术, 201702、111508-201605、140651-201805,纯度均不低于
可以更加全面、整体地评价药材质量 [9-10] 。笔者查阅文献 98%),D-葡萄糖醛酸(上海源叶生物科技有限公司,批
后发现,目前有关怀牛膝多糖的研究主要集中于总多糖 号 1506-200202,纯度≥98%);乙腈为色谱纯,乙酸铵、
的提取工艺及生物活性 [11-14] ,而对于其中单糖组成及含量 氢氧化钠、三氟乙酸、盐酸、磷酸二氢钾、PMP、甲醇、氯
分析的研究尚未见相关报道。因此,本研究拟建立怀牛 仿等均为分析纯,水为娃哈哈纯净水。
膝多糖的1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)柱前衍生化- 10批怀牛膝饮片购自南京市各大药房(来源信息见
高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱,分析其单糖组成并测定 表1),经中国药科大学中药学院杨中林教授鉴定为怀牛
单糖组分的含量,为怀牛膝饮片的质量评价提供参考。 膝A. bidentata BI.的干燥根。样品保存于中国药科大学
1 材料 中药学院中药炮制实验室。
1.1 主要仪器 2 方法与结果
本研究所用主要仪器有 1260 型 HPLC 仪(包括 2.1 怀牛膝多糖的制备
G1312C 型双元泵、G1329B 型检测器、G1316A 型柱温 称取各批次怀牛膝饮片约 10 g,将其粉碎过 60 目
中国药房 2021年第32卷第3期 China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 3 ·295 ·