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基于美国FAERS的新型口服抗凝药物致女性生殖系统异常出血

        风险的数据分析                  Δ


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        田晓江 ,贾运涛 ,王柯静 ,陈 琳 (1.重庆市妇幼保健院药剂科,重庆 400021;2.重庆医科大学附属儿童医
                        2
              1*
        院药学部,重庆 400014)
        中图分类号 R973 .2         文献标志码 A          文章编号 1001-0408(2020)14-1751-05
                       +
        DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.14.16

        摘  要   目的:评价新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)致女性生殖系统异常出血的风险。方法:收集2004年1月1日-2019年5月31日美
        国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库中收录的以“达比加群酯”“利伐沙班”“阿哌沙班”“依度沙班”等4种NOACs为首要怀
        疑药物的女性生殖系统异常出血的不良事件(ADE)报告,采用报告比值比法(ROR)对NOACs致女性生殖系统异常出血事件进行
        信号检测。结果:FAERS数据库中共收录涉及NOACs致女性生殖系统异常出血的ADE报告2 658份,其中达比加群酯330份、利
        伐沙班2 049份、阿哌沙班267份、依度沙班12份。达比加群酯、阿哌沙班、依度沙班诱发女性生殖系统异常出血的患者均以≥75
        岁为主,分别占37.27%、36.70%、58.33%;利伐沙班以45~64岁为主,占33.04%。达比加群酯、利伐沙班、阿哌沙班、依度沙班致
        严重的不良事件的发生率分别为 96.36%、84.53%、47.19%、58.33%,均以住院/住院时间延长为主(分别占 64.78%、90.01%、
        86.51%、71.43%)。共检测到12个可疑信号,涉及出血部位包括宫颈、输卵管、卵巢、盆腔、子宫、阴道、尿路等。其中,利伐沙班的
        可疑信号有 11 个,出血事件主要表现为阴道血肿[ROR=12.07,95%CI(8.51,17.12)]、绝经后出血[ROR=9.89,95%CI(8.31,
        11.77)]、盆腔血肿[ROR=7.68,95%CI(5.66,10.43)]等;达比加群酯、阿哌沙班、依度沙班的可疑信号分别有 4、4、2 个,阿哌沙
        班[ROR=5.18,95%CI(1.81,5.85)]和依度沙班[ROR=48.19,95%CI(6.76,343.77)]均以阴道血肿为主;达比加群酯以盆腔血
        肿[ROR=12.56,95%CI(8.92,17.70)]信号最强,其次为尿路出血[ROR=5.41,95%CI(3.34,8.76)]和盆腔出血[ROR=2.53,95%CI
       (1.88,3.40)]。结论:4种NOACs 均可诱发女性生殖系统异常出血,且严重的不良事件发生率较高,常需住院治疗或延长住院时
        间。利伐沙班的出血风险最高,表现为阴道血肿、绝经后出血及盆腔血肿;达比加群酯以盆腔血肿为主,阿哌沙班和依度沙班均为
        阴道血肿为主。
        关键词 新型口服抗凝药;女性;生殖系统异常出血;信号检测;不良事件;用药安全;美国FDA不良反应报告系统

        Data Analysis of the Risks of Abnormal Female Reproductive System Haemorrhages Induced by Novel
        Oral Anticoagulants Based on FAERS
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        TIAN Xiaojiang ,JIA Yuntao ,WANG Kejing ,CHEN Lin(1. Dept. of Pharmacy,Chongqing Health Center for
                                                1
        Women and Children,Chongqing 400021 China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy,Children’s Hospital of Chongqing
        Medical University,Chongqing 400014,China)
        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the risk of abnormal female reproductive system haemorrhage induced by novel oral
        anticoagulants (NOACs). METHODS:The abnormal female reproductive system haemorrhage reports induced by 4 kinds of
        NOACs as“dabigatran etexilate”,“rivaroxaban”,“apixaban”and“edoxaban”were used as the first suspected dugs to collected
        from FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS)database during Jan. 1st,2004-May 31st,2019. The report odd ratio(ROR)
        method was used to detect the signal of abnormal female reproductive system haemorrhage induced by NOACs. RESULTS:A total
        of 2 658 adverse events related to abnormal female reproductive system haemorrhage were collected from FAERS database,
        involving 330 reports of dabigatran etexilate,2 049 reports of rivaroxaban,267 reports of apixaban,and 12 reports of edoxaban.
        The abnormal female reproductive system haemorrhage caused by dabigatran etexilate,apixaban and edoxaban mainly occurred in
        patients aged 75 and older,accounting for 37.27% ,36.70% and 58.33% respectively;that of rivaroxaban mainly occurred in
        patients with 45-64 years old,accounting for 33.04% . The incidence of severe adverse events (SAE) induced by dabigatran
        etexilate,rivaroxaban,apixaban and edoxaban were 96.36%,84.53%,47.19% and 58.33%,respectively. All of patients in the
        included reports were mainly hospitalized and hospitalization stay was prolonged,accounting for 64.78%,90.01%,86.51% and
                                                           71.43% ,respectively. A total of 12 suspected signals were
           Δ 基金项目:重庆技术创新与应用示范(社会民生类)一般项目
                                                           detected,involving cervix uteri,fallopian tube,ovary,pelvis
       (No.cstc2018jscx-msybX0101)
                                                           cavity,uterus,vagina,urinary tract,etc. Among them,there
           *药师,硕士。研究方向:药物不良事件的主动监测、数据挖掘。
                                                           were 11 positive signals of rivaroxaban, and the bleeding
        电话:023-60354422。E-mail:640990876@qq.com
           # 通信作者:副主任药师,博士研究生。研究方向:高风险人群用                  events were concentrated in vaginal hematoma [ROR=12.07,
        药。电话:023-60354422。E-mail:clfxmm@163.com            95% CI(8.51,17.12)],postmenopausal hemorrhage [ROR=


        中国药房    2020年第31卷第14期                                            China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 14  ·1751  ·
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