Page 94 - 2019年9月第30卷第18期
P. 94
不同初加工方法对黄精品质的影响研究 Δ
1*
1,2 #
朱新焰 ,丛 琨 ,石亚娜 ,包和超 ,张智慧 ,王家金 ,钱均祥 ,季鹏章 (1.云南省农业科学院药用植物研
1
1
1
1
1
2
究所,昆明 650205;2.云南中医药大学中药学院,昆明 650500)
中图分类号 R931.4 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2019)18-2537-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2019.18.16
摘 要 目的:探索不同初加工方法对黄精品质的影响,优化不同等级、不同形态黄精的初加工方法。方法:经不同干燥法及煮
制法、蒸制法处理黄精后,利用硫酸-苯酚法对指标性成分黄精多糖进行含量测定,同时考察药材醇溶性浸出物、水溶性浸出物及
总灰分的含量,筛选最佳初加工工艺。结果:经不同方法处理后,各级黄精样品均符合2015年版《中国药典》(一部)对黄精多糖
(≥7%)、醇溶性浸出物(≥45%)及总灰分含量(≤4%)的要求;从干燥方式来看,微波干燥法优于烘箱干燥法;对不同形态(个状
及片状)黄精样品而言,片状黄精品质优于个状黄精;而对于初加工方法而言,蒸制法优于煮制法。黄精“统货”蒸制、煮制时间分
别在20、15 min时,黄精多糖含量达到较高值。结论:通过对不同的初加工方法分别进行探讨,初步得到了黄精的个状、片状及“统
货”样品进行高效初加工的方法,可为有效利用黄精资源提供一定的科学依据。
关键词 黄精;初加工;品质评价;黄精多糖
Study on the Effects of Different Primary Processing Methods on the Quality of Polygonatum sibiricum
ZHU Xinyan ,CONG Kun ,SHI Yana ,BAO Hechao ,ZHANG Zhihui ,WANG Jiajin ,QIAN Junxiang ,JI
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Pengzhang (1. Institute of Medicinal Plant,Yunnan Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming
1,2
650205,China;2. College of TCM,Yunnan University of TCM,Kunming 650500,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of different primary processing methods on quality change of Polygonatum
sibiricum,and to optimize primary processing method of P. sibiricum with different grades and shapes. METHODS:After
processed with different drying methods,boiling method and steaming method,sulfuric acid-phenol method was used to determine
the contents of indicator component P. sibiricum polysaccharide in samples. The contents of ethanol-soluble extract,water-soluble
extract and total ash were investigated. The optimal primary processing methods were screened. RESULTS:After processed with
different methods,the contents of polysaccharide(≥7%),ethanol-soluble extract(≥45%)and total ash(≤4%)of samples at
all levels conformed to the requirements of the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part Ⅰ);from aspect of drying method,
microwave drying method was better than oven drying method;for P. sibiricum with different morphologies (individual and
lamellar),the quality of lamellar samples of P. sibiricum was better than that of individual P. sibiricum. As primary processing
method,steaming was better than boiling. The contents of P. sibiricum polysaccharide were in relatively high level,when the
steaming and boiling time of gradeless and uniformly-priced goods of P. sibiricum were 20 and 15 minutes respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:By discussing the different primary processing methods,high-efficient primary processing method for the
individual and lamellar samples of P. sibiricum as well as gradeless and uniformly-priced goods of P. sibiricum are preliminarily
obtained,which can provide a scientific basis for the effective utilization of P. sibiricum resources.
KEYWORDS Polygonatum sibiricum;Primary processing;Quality evaluation;P. sibiricum polysaccharide
黄 精 为 百 合 科 植 物 黄 精(Polygonatum sibiricum 以蒸煮法为主 [3-4] 。如贺海花等 考察了不同蒸制方法和
[5]
[6]
[1]
Red.)的干燥根茎,为2015年版《中国药典》(一部) 收录 时间对黄精中多糖含量的影响;杨琳 和王景媛等 严
[7]
的品种,为中药黄精来源之一,又称“鸡头黄精”“鸡头 格控制蒸煮时间,对多糖、浸出物及灰分含量分别进行
参”等。黄精是我国传统药食同源性的滋补中药,其味 了研究。2015年版《中国药典》(一部)仅对黄精多糖、浸
甘,性平,具有养阴润肺、补脾益气及抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗病 出物等指标作了规定,尚未涉及初加工的技术参数。尽
毒等功效 。 管对加工前后黄精中成分的含量变化有一些研究报道,
[2]
现有文献关于黄精的初加工工艺或方法种类繁多,
但不同加工工艺、方法对不同等级、不同形态的黄精中
Δ 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31760347) 化学成分的影响尚缺乏系统的研究,相对应的加工工艺
*助理研究员,硕士。研究方向:中药资源的开发与利用。电话: [8]
也缺乏相应的技术参数 ,特别是同一品种不同形态黄
0871-65033441。E-mail:153042910@qq.com
精药材的加工工艺研究鲜见报道。药材加工后,指标性
# 通信作者:研究员,博士。研究方向:中药资源的开发与利用。
[9]
电话:0871-65033441。E-mail:466192110@qq.com 成分的含量能直观地反映出其品质的优劣 。黄精的化
中国药房 2019年第30卷第18期 China Pharmacy 2019 Vol. 30 No. 18 ·2537 ·