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·循证药学·
中国人群药物性肝损伤预后不良的影响因素系统评价
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王伟美 ,王立丹,孟 佳,平 泽,张晓燕 [衡水市人民医院(哈励逊国际和平医院)药学部,河北 衡水
#
053000]
中图分类号 R975+.5 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)05-0665-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.05.20
摘 要 目的 系统评价中国人群药物性肝损伤(DILI)预后不良的影响因素,为DILI的早识别和早干预提供循证证据。方法 计
算机检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据、中国生物医学文献数据库和维普网,收集DILI患
者预后不良影响因素的临床研究(病例对照研究、队列研究),检索时限为建库至2025年5月31日。筛选文献、提取资料、评价文
献质量后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入17篇文献,涉及4 078例DILI患者,其中预后不良组673例、预后良
好组3 405例。Meta分析显示,有肝病史(OR=2.47,95%CI为1.61~3.78,P<0.001)、有饮酒史(OR=1.77,95%CI为1.22~2.56,
P=0.003)、使用中草药/中成药(OR=1.87,95%CI 为 1.30~2.70,P<0.001)、非肝细胞损伤型 DILI(OR=1.70,95%CI 为 1.37~
2.10,P<0.001)、国际标准化比值(INR)升高(OR=2.51,95%CI 为 1.97~3.19,P<0.001)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)升高(OR=1.27,
95%CI 为 1.14~1.41,P<0.001)是 DILI 预后不良的危险因素,血清白蛋白(ALB)升高(OR=0.47,95%CI 为 0.39~0.57,P<
0.001)、凝血酶原活动度(PTA)升高(OR=0.88,95%CI 为 0.85~0.91,P<0.001)、保肝药>2 种(OR=0.62,95%CI 为 0.41~0.95,
P=0.030)是DILI预后不良的保护因素。结论 有饮酒史、有肝病史、INR升高、ALT升高、使用中草药/中成药、非肝细胞损伤型的
DILI患者预后不良风险较高,ALB水平升高、PTA升高、使用保肝药超过2种能降低DILI患者预后不良的发生风险。
关键词 药物性肝损伤;预后不良;影响因素;系统评价
Influencing factors for poor prognosis of drug-induced liver injury in Chinese population: a systematic
review
WANG Weimei,WANG Lidan,MENG Jia,PING Ze,ZHANG Xiaoyan[Dept. of Pharmacy, Hengshui People’s
Hospital (Harrison International Peace Hospital), Hebei Hengshui, 053000, China]
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the influencing factors affecting the poor prognosis of drug-induced liver
injury (DILI) in the Chinese population, and to provide evidence-based support for early identification and interventions of DILI.
METHODS Retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang database, China biomedical
medicine database (CBM) and VIP, clinical studies (case-control studies, cohort studies) related to influencing factors for poor
prognosis of DILI were collected from inception to May 31, 2025. After literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation
of included studies, meta-analysis was carried out by using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 17 literature were
included, involving 4 078 DILI patients, of whom 673 were in the poor prognosis group and 3 405 were in the favorable prognosis
group. Meta-analysis showed that history of liver disease (OR=2.47, 95%CI was 1.61-3.78, P<0.001), alcohol drinking history
(OR=1.77, 95%CI was 1.22-2.56, P=0.003), Chinese herbal medicine/Chinese patent medicine (OR=1.87, 95%CI was 1.30-
2.70, P<0.001), non-hepatocellular injury type (OR=1.70, 95%CI was 1.37-2.10, P<0.001), international normalized ratio
(INR) elevated (OR=2.51, 95%CI was 1.97-3.19, P<0.001), and alanine transamine (ALT) elevated (OR=1.27, 95%CI was
1.14-1.41, P<0.001) were risk factors of poor prognosis in DILI. Higher albumin (ALB) level (OR=0.47, 95%CI was 0.39-
0.57, P<0.001), elevated prothrombin activity (PTA) (OR=0.88, 95%CI was 0.85-0.91, P<0.001) and more than 2 kinds of
hepatoprotective drugs (OR=0.62, 95%CI was 0.41-0.95, P=0.030) were protective factors for poor prognosis of DILI.
CONCLUSIONS Patients with alcohol drinking history, history of liver disease, elevated INR, elevated ALT, taking Chinese
herbal medicine/Chinese patent medicine, and non-hepatocellular injury type of DILI have a greater risk of poor prognosis, and
higher ALB level, higher PTA and more than 2 kinds of
Δ 基金项目 河北省医学科学研究课题计划项目(No.20241369) hepatoprotective drugs can reduce the risk of poor prognosis of
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床合理用药。E-mail:
DILI.
wangweimei2025@163.com
# 通信作者 副主任药师。研究方向:临床药学、循证药学。电话: KEYWORDS drug-induced liver injury; poor prognosis;
0318-2183607。E-mail:hszhangxiaoyan@163.com influencing factors; systematic review
中国药房 2026年第37卷第5期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 5 · 665 ·

