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·药事管理·
DRG付费改革背景下我国除外支付政策的演化博弈与仿真分析 Δ
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陈 烨 1, 2* ,李佳明 ,阳丰鸿 ,李 伟 (1.中国药科大学国际医药商学院,南京 211198;2.中国药科大学医
药市场准入政策研究中心,南京 211198)
中图分类号 R95;R197 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)22-2753-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.01
摘 要 目的 为我国建立并优化除外支付政策提供参考。方法 构建医保、医疗机构的两方演化博弈模型,并进行仿真模拟,分
析按疾病诊断相关分组(DRG)付费改革背景下医保部门建立除外支付政策与否、补偿比例、新技术的成本和增量效用等因素对医
疗机构创新技术使用的影响。结果与结论 除外支付政策可有效激励新技术的使用,但同时会带来新技术滥用的风险。除外支付
政策的补偿比例、新技术单价、新技术效用改善带来的成本节约以及新技术治疗的增量效用均会对演化博弈的均衡状态产生影
响,甚至翻转均衡状态。建议优化除外支付范围的遴选标准,激励创新技术使用的同时控制其滥用风险,并基于统筹地区医保基
金结余水平合理采用单独支付或补充支付的模式,同时建立定期调整机制,做好除外支付与DRG支付体系的衔接。
关键词 除外支付;DRG付费;创新技术;演化博弈;医保支付;影响因素
Evolutionary game and simulation analysis of add-on payment policy under DRG payment reform in China
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CHEN Ye ,LI Jiaming ,YANG Fenghong ,LI Wei (1. School of International Pharmaceutical Business,
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China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;2. Market Access Policy Research Center, China
Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the establishment and optimization of add-on payment policy in China.
METHODS The two-party evolutionary game model was constructed, involving medical insurance and medical institutions,and
simulation experiments were conducted. The effects of factors such as whether the establishment of add-on payment policy by the
medical insurance department, the compensation ratio, and the cost and incremental utility of new technology on the adoption of
innovative technologies by medical institutions were analyzed under the backdrop of the reform of the diagnosis-related groups
(DRG) payment system. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The add-on payment policy can effectively incentivize the utilization of
innovative technologies, but it also carries the risk of overuse or misuse of new technologies. The compensation ratio, unit price of
new technology, and cost savings derived from the improved effectiveness of new technologies, as well as the incremental utility of
new technology, will all affect the equilibrium state of the evolutionary game, potentially even reversing it. It is recommended to
optimize the selection criteria for the scope of add-on payment, so as to incentivize the use of innovative technologies while
controlling the risk of their misuse. Additionally, a reasonable approach should be taken to adopt either standalone payment or
supplementary payment models based on the surplus level of medical insurance funds in the coordinated regions. Meanwhile, a
regular adjustment mechanism should be established to ensure smooth integration between the add-on payment and the DRG
payment system.
KEYWORDS add-on payment; DRG payment; innovative technology; evolutionary game; medical insurance payment;
influential factors
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2020年,《中共中央 国务院关于深化医疗保障制度 在控制医疗费用 [1―2] 、缩短住院时间 、提升医院绩效 [4―5]
改革的意见》明确指出,要持续推进医保支付方式改革, 等方面发挥了重要作用。但由于缺乏历史付费数据,在
推 广 按 疾 病 诊 断 相 关 分 组(diagnosis-related groups, 结余留用、超支不予支付的激励约束机制下,医疗机构
DRG)付费。DRG 付费方式成为我国医保支付方式改 使用新技术(包含新药、新的诊断及治疗方法等)的动力
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革中的重要制度安排,也是未来我国医疗保障领域改革 不足,可能产生了阻碍其应用与发展的负效应 。为此,
中的重点工作。 美国、德国等国家在实施DRG付费方式的同时,建立了
国内外理论研究和实践经验均指出,DRG付费方式 除外支付(add-on payment)政策 [7―8] ,通过额外支付、标准
上浮等方式激励创新,促进新技术的使用。
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(No.72404281);江苏高校哲
目前,我国并未在国家层面建立除外支付政策。随
学社会科学研究一般项目(No.2023SJYB0072)
*第一作者 副研究员,博士。研究方向:卫生政策与医疗保障。 着医保支付方式改革的不断深入,DRG 阻碍新药、新技
E-mail:443587675@qq.com 术应用的负效应逐渐显现。然而,我国正值创新转型
中国药房 2025年第36卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 22 · 2753 ·

