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·综述·


          二甲双胍干预认知障碍相关疾病的作用机制研究进展
                                                                                             Δ

                                                                              1, 2
                                                                    1, 2
                                                           1, 2
          刘 源    1, 2* ,许玉珉  1, 2, 3 # ,刘诗雨 ,闫化雨 ,杨 鑫 ,徐红彩 ,吴亚博 (1.河南中医药大学第一附属医院
                                        1, 2
                                                 1, 2
          脑病科,郑州 450003;2.河南中医药大学第一临床医学院,郑州 450046;3.中西医防治重大疾病河南省协同
          创新中心,郑州 450046)
          中图分类号  R965      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)15-1942-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.15.22

          摘   要  认知障碍是以记忆、思维、判断等高级认知功能进行性减退为特征的临床综合征,其病因病机复杂,尚缺乏特效药物干
          预。二甲双胍作为2型糖尿病的一线降糖药物,除可降低血糖外,其还可改善认知障碍。研究显示,二甲双胍干预CI的作用机制
          主要包括调节β淀粉样蛋白与tau蛋白代谢、降低胰岛素抵抗、抑制神经炎症、提高突触可塑性、改善线粒体功能障碍、调节肠道菌
          群及脂质代谢等。未来研究需通过多学科交叉协作,充分整合多组学数据,结合先进技术进一步揭示其效应机制。
          关键词  二甲双胍;认知障碍;阿尔茨海默病;糖尿病认知障碍;药理作用;机制研究

          Research  progress  on  the  mechanism  of  metformin  in  the  intervention  of  cognitive  impairment-related
          diseases

                                                                       1, 2
          LIU Yuan ,XU Yumin   1, 2, 3 ,LIU Shiyu ,YAN Huayu ,YANG Xin ,XU Hongcai ,WU Yabo (1. Dept. of
                                                                                                 1, 2
                                                                                     1, 2
                                                          1, 2
                                             1, 2
                   1, 2
          Encephalopathy,  the  First  Affiliated  Hospital  of  Henan  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhengzhou  450003,
          China;2.  The  First  Clinical  Medical  College,  Henan  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhengzhou  450046,
          China;3.  Henan  Province  Collaborative  Innovation  Center  of  Prevention  and  Treatment  of  Major  Diseases  by
          Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China)
          ABSTRACT    Cognitive  impairment (CI)  is  a  clinical  syndrome  characterized  by  progressive  decline  in  advanced  cognitive
          functions  such  as  memory,  thinking,  and  judgment.  Its  etiology  and  pathogenesis  are  complex,  and  there  is  currently  a  lack  of
          specific drug interventions. Metformin, as a first-line hypoglycemic drug for type 2 diabetes, not only lowers blood glucose levels
          but also improves CI. This article reviews and summarizes the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of metformin in improving
          Alzheimer’s  disease,  diabetes  cognitive  impairment,  cognitive  impairment  after  chemotherapy,  in  order  to  provide  novel  insights
          and  approaches  for  the  treatment  of  CI-related  diseases.  Studies  have  shown  that  the  mechanism  by  which  MET  intervenes  in  CI
          mainly includes regulating β-amyloid protein and tau protein metabolism, reducing insulin resistance, inhibiting neuroinflammation,
          improving  synaptic  plasticity,  improving  mitochondrial  dysfunction,  regulating  gut  microbiota  and  lipid  metabolism,  etc.  Future
          research  needs  to  be  conducted  through  interdisciplinary  collaboration,  fully  integrating  multiple  omics  data,  and  combining
          advanced technologies to further reveal their mechanisms of effect.
          KEYWORDS     metformin;  cognitive  impairment;  Alzheimer’s  disease;  diabetes  cognitive  impairment;  pharmacological  action;
          mechanism research


              Δ 基金项目 国家科技重大专项(No.2024ZD0522202);河南省博              认知障碍(cognitive impairment,CI)是以认知功能
          士后基金项目(No.HN2022083);河南省医学科技攻关计划省部共建
                                                              下降为核心症状的获得性认知功能障碍综合征,主要包
          项目(No.SBGJ202302101);2024 年河南省科技发展计划项目(No.
                                                              括神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,
          242102311255);2023 年度河南省卫生健康委国家中医药传承创新中
          心科研专项(No.2023ZXZX1004)                              AD)和非神经退行性疾病如糖尿病认知障碍、化疗后
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治脑病研究。                                                              [1]
                                                              CI、颅脑损伤及药物因素等诱发的认知损伤 。据统
          E-mail:878150949@qq.com
                                                              计,2021年我国现存的AD及其他类型痴呆患者总数达
              # 通信作者 副主任医师,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中医药防
          治脑病研究。E-mail:xuyumin6688@163.com                    1 699 万例,约占全球患病人数的 29.8%,且随着我国步


          · 1942 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 15                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第15期
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