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中药活性成分靶向线粒体凋亡途径抑制食管癌的研究进展
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肖俊珂 ,慕晓艳 ,郭娇娇 ,杨上智 ,曹雪炜 ,郭志忠 (1.河南中医药大学第二临床医学院,郑州 450002;
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2.上海中医药大学附属龙华医院肿瘤科,上海 200032;3.河南省中医院/河南中医药大学第二附属医院肿瘤
科,郑州 450002)
中图分类号 R965;R735.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)10-1283-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.10.23
摘 要 食管癌是一种恶性疾病,其发病率高、预后差。线粒体凋亡途径在调控细胞死亡中起着重要作用,是当前癌症治疗的研
究热点。多种中药活性成分可靶向线粒体凋亡抑制食管癌,是食管癌的潜在治疗药物。本文对中药活性成分通过靶向线粒体凋
亡途径抑制食管癌的相关研究进行综述,发现黄酮类(如紫花牡荆素、淫羊藿苷、木犀草素、山柰酚、橙皮素、鱼藤素等)、萜类(如冬
凌草甲素、Jaridonin、青蒿琥酯、阿魏菇乙酸乙酯相三萜类化合物等)、生物碱类(如苦参碱、苦马豆素等)、酚类(如姜黄素、表没食
子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯、柯里拉京等)、皂苷类(如α-常春藤皂苷、重楼皂苷Ⅵ等)、多肽类(如蝎毒多肽优化体CT-K3K7、壁虎多肽
等)、挥发油类(如肉桂醛、α-细辛醚等)等中药活性成分可以通过调节氧化应激、阻滞细胞周期、调控磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B、
丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶等信号通路,靶向内源性线粒体凋亡途径,诱导食管癌细胞发生凋亡,并抑制食管癌细胞的增殖、侵袭及
迁移。
关键词 中药;活性成分;食管癌;线粒体凋亡;细胞凋亡;作用机制
Research progress on active components of traditional Chinese medicine inhibiting esophageal carcinoma
by targeting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway
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XIAO Junke ,MU Xiaoyan ,GUO Jiaojiao ,YANG Shangzhi ,CAO Xuewei ,GUO Zhizhong(1. Second Clinical
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Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China;2. Dept. of Oncology,
Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China;
3. Dept. of Oncology, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/the Second Affiliated Hospital
of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China)
ABSTRACT Esophageal carcinoma is a malignant disease with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. The mitochondrial
apoptosis pathway plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell death and has become a focal point in current cancer therapeutics
research. Various active components from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can target the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway to
inhibit esophageal carcinoma, presenting as potential therapeutic agents for this disease. This paper summarizes relevant research on
the inhibition of esophageal carcinoma by active components in TCM via targeting the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. It has been
found that flavonoids (casticin, icariin, luteolin, kaempferol, hesperetin, deguelin, etc.), terpenoids (oridonin, Jaridonin,
artesunate, ethyl acetate fraction of pleurotus ferulatus triterpenoid, etc.), alkaloids (matrine, swainsonine, etc.), polyphenols
(curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, corilagin, etc.), steroids (α-hederin, polyphyllin Ⅵ, etc.), phenols (optimized scorpion
venom peptide CT-K3K7, gecko active polypeptide, etc.), volatile oils (cinnamaldehyde, α -asarone, etc.) and other active
components from TCM can target the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, induce apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma cells,
and inhibit their proliferation, invasion and migration by regulating oxidative stress, blocking the cell cycle, regulating signaling
pathways such as PI3K/Akt and MAPK.
KEYWORDS traditional Chinese medicine; active components; esophageal carcinoma; mitochondrial apoptosis; cell apoptosis;
mechanism of action
Δ 基金项目 河南省科技攻关项目(No.242102311287);河南省中
医药科学研究专项(No.2022ZYZD11);上海中医药大学附属龙华医院
“龙医学者”临床科技创新项目(No.KC2022015) 2022年全球癌症数据分析显示,食管癌在所有癌症
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治恶性肿瘤。E- [1]
中的发病率居第9位,死亡率排第6位 。在中国每年约
mail:xjk17839956234@163.com
有32万人死于食管癌,患者总体5年生存率仅为15%~
# 通信作者 主任医师,硕士生导师。研究方向:中医药防治恶性
肿瘤。E-mail:fangliao0525@163.com 25%,迫切需要开发有效的药物或治疗方案为食管癌的
中国药房 2025年第36卷第10期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 10 · 1283 ·