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阿哌沙班预防和治疗肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症的快速卫生技术
评估
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王华玉 ,上官可可 ,王 莹 ,李艳奎 (1.天津医科大学第二医院药学部,天津 300211;2.天津医科大学第二
医院血管外科,天津 300211)
中图分类号 R973+.2;R969.3 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)10-1260-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.10.19
摘 要 目的 评价阿哌沙班预防和治疗肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症(CA-VTE)的有效性、安全性和经济性,为临床用药提供循证
依据。方法 检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据、维普网及卫生技术评估(HTA)相关网站,收集阿哌沙班预防
和治疗CA-VTE的系统评价/Meta分析、药物经济学研究和HTA报告。经资料提取、质量评价后,对纳入研究的结果进行描述性分
析。结果 共纳入23篇文献,包括16篇系统评价/Meta分析和7篇药物经济学研究。有效性方面,与安慰剂比较,预防性应用阿哌
沙班可显著降低门诊成年肿瘤患者的静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)发生率(P<0.05);与低分子肝素(LMWH)、利伐沙班和华法林患者
的VTE发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但阿哌沙班排名最优。与使用华法林比较,阿哌沙班可显著降低CA-VTE患
者的VTE复发率(P<0.05);与使用LMWH、利伐沙班、艾多沙班和达比加群患者的VTE复发率、深静脉血栓形成复发率和肺栓塞
复发率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。安全性方面,与安慰剂比较,预防性应用阿哌沙班的接受化疗门诊成年肿瘤患者的
大出血发生率更高(P<0.05),与使用LMWH、利伐沙班和华法林患者的大出血发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但阿
哌沙班排名最优。使用阿哌沙班与达肝素的CA-VTE患者的大出血发生率、全因死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但
使用阿哌沙班患者的临床相关非大出血(CRNMB)发生率更高(P<0.05)。与艾多沙班比较,使用阿哌沙班患者的大出血发生率
显著降低(P<0.05),但CRNMB发生率、临床相关出血发生率和全因死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与利伐沙班、
华法林和达比加群比较,使用阿哌沙班患者的大出血发生率、CRNMB发生率、临床相关出血发生率和全因死亡率比较,差异均无
统计学意义(P>0.05)。经济性方面,我国研究表明,阿哌沙班预防 CA-VTE 具有经济性;国外研究表明,阿哌沙班预防和治疗
CA-VTE具有经济性。结论 阿哌沙班预防和治疗CA-VTE具有良好的有效性、安全性和经济性。
关键词 阿哌沙班;肿瘤;静脉血栓栓塞症;快速卫生技术评估
Apixaban for the prevention and treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: a rapid health
technology assessment
WANG Huayu ,SHANGGUAN Keke ,WANG Ying ,LI Yankui(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of
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Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China;2. Dept. of Vascular Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin
Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of apixaban in the prevention and treatment of
cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (CA-VTE), and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS
Retrieved from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP database and other websites of health technology assessment
(HTA), systematic review/meta-analysis, pharmacoeconomic studies and HTA reports of apixaban in the prevention and treatment
of CA-VTE were collected. After data extraction and quality evaluation, the results of the included study were analyzed
descriptively. RESULTS A total of 23 literatures were included, involving 16 systematic review/meta-analysis and 7
pharmacoeconomic studies. In terms of efficacy, compared with placebo, prophylactic use of apixaban could significantly reduce
the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in outpatient adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (P<0.05). Compared
with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), rivaroxaban and warfarin, there were no statistically significant differences in the
incidence of VTE for apixaban (P>0.05); nevertheless, apixaban was ranked as the most preferable choice. For the treatment of
patients with CA-VTE, compared with warfarin, apixaban could significantly reduce the recurrence rate of VTE (P<0.05). While
compared with patients treated with LMWH, rivaroxaban, edoxaban and dabigatran, there were no statistically significant
differences in the recurrence rates of VTE, deep venous
thrombosis and pulmonary embolism among patients using
Δ 基金项目 天津市科技计划项目(No.23JCZXJC00160);天津市
卫生健康科技项目(No.TJWJ2024ZK002);天津医科大学第二医院青 apixaban (P>0.05). In terms of safety, compared with
年科研基金项目(No.2023ydey30) placebo, prophylactic use of apixaban showed a higher
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail: occurrence of major bleeding in outpatient adult cancer patients
wanghuayu001@126.com receiving chemotherapy (P<0.05), while compared with
# 通信作者 主任医师,博士。研究方向:周围血管疾病临床与基 patients treated with LMWH, rivaroxaban, and warfarin,
础研究。E-mail:yankuili@tmu.edu.cn there were no statistically significant differences in the
· 1260 · China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 10 中国药房 2025年第36卷第10期