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阿哌沙班预防和治疗肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症的快速卫生技术

          评估
                 Δ

                                     1
                                             2 #
                             1
                 1*
          王华玉 ,上官可可 ,王 莹 ,李艳奎 (1.天津医科大学第二医院药学部,天津 300211;2.天津医科大学第二
          医院血管外科,天津 300211)
          中图分类号  R973+.2;R969.3      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)10-1260-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.10.19

          摘   要  目的  评价阿哌沙班预防和治疗肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症(CA-VTE)的有效性、安全性和经济性,为临床用药提供循证
          依据。方法  检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据、维普网及卫生技术评估(HTA)相关网站,收集阿哌沙班预防
          和治疗CA-VTE的系统评价/Meta分析、药物经济学研究和HTA报告。经资料提取、质量评价后,对纳入研究的结果进行描述性分
          析。结果  共纳入23篇文献,包括16篇系统评价/Meta分析和7篇药物经济学研究。有效性方面,与安慰剂比较,预防性应用阿哌
          沙班可显著降低门诊成年肿瘤患者的静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)发生率(P<0.05);与低分子肝素(LMWH)、利伐沙班和华法林患者
          的VTE发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但阿哌沙班排名最优。与使用华法林比较,阿哌沙班可显著降低CA-VTE患
          者的VTE复发率(P<0.05);与使用LMWH、利伐沙班、艾多沙班和达比加群患者的VTE复发率、深静脉血栓形成复发率和肺栓塞
          复发率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。安全性方面,与安慰剂比较,预防性应用阿哌沙班的接受化疗门诊成年肿瘤患者的
          大出血发生率更高(P<0.05),与使用LMWH、利伐沙班和华法林患者的大出血发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但阿
          哌沙班排名最优。使用阿哌沙班与达肝素的CA-VTE患者的大出血发生率、全因死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但
          使用阿哌沙班患者的临床相关非大出血(CRNMB)发生率更高(P<0.05)。与艾多沙班比较,使用阿哌沙班患者的大出血发生率
          显著降低(P<0.05),但CRNMB发生率、临床相关出血发生率和全因死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与利伐沙班、
          华法林和达比加群比较,使用阿哌沙班患者的大出血发生率、CRNMB发生率、临床相关出血发生率和全因死亡率比较,差异均无
          统计学意义(P>0.05)。经济性方面,我国研究表明,阿哌沙班预防 CA-VTE 具有经济性;国外研究表明,阿哌沙班预防和治疗
          CA-VTE具有经济性。结论  阿哌沙班预防和治疗CA-VTE具有良好的有效性、安全性和经济性。
          关键词  阿哌沙班;肿瘤;静脉血栓栓塞症;快速卫生技术评估

          Apixaban  for  the  prevention  and  treatment  of  cancer-associated  venous  thromboembolism:  a  rapid  health
          technology assessment
          WANG Huayu ,SHANGGUAN Keke ,WANG Ying ,LI Yankui(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  Second  Hospital  of
                       1
                                                        1
                                                                   2
                                           1
          Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China;2. Dept. of Vascular Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin
          Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of apixaban in the prevention and treatment of
          cancer-associated  venous  thromboembolism (CA-VTE),  and  provide  evidence-based  reference  for  clinical  treatment.  METHODS
          Retrieved from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP database and other websites of health technology assessment
         (HTA),  systematic  review/meta-analysis,  pharmacoeconomic  studies  and  HTA  reports  of  apixaban  in  the  prevention  and  treatment
          of  CA-VTE  were  collected.  After  data  extraction  and  quality  evaluation,  the  results  of  the  included  study  were  analyzed
          descriptively.  RESULTS  A  total  of  23  literatures  were  included,  involving  16  systematic  review/meta-analysis  and  7
          pharmacoeconomic  studies.  In  terms  of  efficacy,  compared  with  placebo,  prophylactic  use  of  apixaban  could  significantly  reduce
          the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in outpatient adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (P<0.05). Compared
          with  low-molecular  weight  heparin (LMWH),  rivaroxaban  and  warfarin,  there  were  no  statistically  significant  differences  in  the
          incidence  of VTE  for  apixaban (P>0.05);  nevertheless,  apixaban  was  ranked  as  the  most  preferable  choice.  For  the  treatment  of
          patients with CA-VTE, compared with warfarin, apixaban could significantly reduce the recurrence rate of VTE (P<0.05). While
          compared  with  patients  treated  with  LMWH,  rivaroxaban,  edoxaban  and  dabigatran,  there  were  no  statistically  significant
                                                              differences  in  the  recurrence  rates  of  VTE,  deep  venous
                                                              thrombosis  and  pulmonary  embolism  among  patients  using
              Δ 基金项目 天津市科技计划项目(No.23JCZXJC00160);天津市
          卫生健康科技项目(No.TJWJ2024ZK002);天津医科大学第二医院青              apixaban  (P>0.05).  In  terms  of  safety,  compared  with
          年科研基金项目(No.2023ydey30)                              placebo,  prophylactic  use  of  apixaban  showed  a  higher
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:                  occurrence of major bleeding in outpatient adult cancer patients
          wanghuayu001@126.com                                receiving  chemotherapy  (P<0.05),  while  compared  with
              # 通信作者 主任医师,博士。研究方向:周围血管疾病临床与基                  patients  treated  with  LMWH,  rivaroxaban,  and  warfarin,
          础研究。E-mail:yankuili@tmu.edu.cn                      there  were  no  statistically  significant  differences  in  the


          · 1260 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 10                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第10期
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