Page 7 - 《中国药房》2024年19期
P. 7

·药事管理·


          患者偏好信息在美国医疗产品上市前决策中的应用及启示
                                                                                                   Δ

                                        #
                *
          任晓悦 ,颜建周,丁瑞琳,邵 蓉(中国药科大学国家药物政策与医药产业经济研究中心,南京 211198)
          中图分类号  R95      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)19-2321-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.19.01

          摘  要  目的  通过研究患者偏好信息在美国医疗产品上市前决策中的应用,为我国患者偏好信息的应用提供借鉴。方法  采用
          文献研究法探究美国患者偏好信息收集与应用的概况、法律依据和参与主体,详细分析患者偏好信息在医疗产品上市前决策中的
          应用情况,分析我国患者偏好信息的应用现状与挑战,并提出建议。结果与结论  美国通过开展多项患者参与项目以及立法推动
          多主体进行患者偏好信息的收集和应用,将患者偏好信息用于为医疗产品上市前决策提供参考:在研发环节为医疗产品研发和设
          计提供信息、辅助临床试验设计;在上市审批环节作为FDA上市审批决策的证据之一,用于识别获益大于风险的患者群体,并纳
          入医疗产品说明书。我国患者偏好信息的应用缺乏更高层级法律文件的指导,尚无针对性的指南文件。建议我国借鉴美国经验,
          在更高层级的法律文件中明确鼓励患者偏好的研究与应用;针对患者偏好信息的收集与应用制定专门的指导文件;根据我国国情
          确定监管决策中患者偏好信息纳入的权重和形式。
          关键词  患者偏好;药品;医疗器械;上市前决策

          Application  of  patient  preference  information  in  premarketing  decision  of  medical  products  in  the  United
          States and its implications
          REN Xiaoyue,YAN Jianzhou,DING Ruilin,SHAO Rong(Research  Center  of  National  Drug  Policy  &
          Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  provide  reference  for  the  application  of  patient  preference  information  in  China  by  studying  the
          application  of  patient  preference  information  in  the  premarketing  decision-making  of  medical  products  in  the  United  States.
          METHODS The literature research method was used to explore the general situation, legal basis, and participants of the collection
          and  application  of  patient  preference  information  in  the  United  States,  analyze  the  application  of  patient  preference  information  in
          premarketing decision-making of medical products in detail, and analyze the application status and challenges of patient preference
          information in China,  so  as  to put forward  suggestions. RESULTS  &  CONCLUSIONS  United States has  promoted the collection
          and application of patient preference information through several patient participation projects and legislation. The patient preference
          information  is  used  to  support  premarketing  decision-making  of  medical  products:  providing  information  for  medical  product
          development  and  design,  and  assisting  clinical  trial  design  in  the  research  and  development  process;  helping  to  support  FDA’s
          marketing  approval  decisions,  identifying  patient  groups  whose  benefits  outweigh  risks,  and  included  in  medical  product
          descriptions  in  the  marketing  approval  process.  The  application  of  patient  preference  information  in  China  lacks  the  guidance  of
          higher-level  legal  documents,  and  there  are  no  targeted  guidance  documents.  It  is  suggested  that  China  should  learn  from  the
          experience  of  the  United  States  and  clearly  encourage  the  research  and  application  of  patient  preference  in  higher-level  legal
          documents; develop specific guidance documents for the collection and application of patient preference information; determine the
          weight and form of patient preference information to be considered in regulatory decision-making according to national conditions.
          KEYWORDS    patient preference; drug; medical device; premarketing decision



              近年来,患者参与药品和医疗器械(以下统称为“医                        学者的广泛关注。患者对疾病和相关治疗的经验、观
          疗产品”)的全生命周期决策受到各国医疗卫生机构和                           点、需求和偏好等信息统称为患者体验数据(patient ex‐
                                                                              [1]
                                                             perience data,PED) ,是患者参与决策的重要载体。其
             Δ 基金项目 教 育 部 人 文 社 会 科 学 研 究 规 划 基 金 项 目(No.
          22YJAZH126)                                        中,患者偏好信息(patient preference information,PPI)是
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:医药政策与法规。E-mail:                指患者针对特定治疗的不同临床结局或其他特性的选
          18852079330@163.com
                                                             择意愿和接受程度的定性或定量评估结果,是对治疗方
             # 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:医药政策与法
          规。电话:025-86185193。E-mail:shaorong118@163.com       案的获益和风险权衡结果的表现               [1―2] 。具体而言,不同


          中国药房  2024年第35卷第19期                                              China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 19    · 2321 ·
   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   12