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·药事管理·


          国家药品集中采购政策对药品经济可及与医院用药结构的影响
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          林丽敏    1, 2* ,彭晓青 ,唐 榕 ,刘国栋 ,刘 洪 ,尹嘉瑜(1.华南理工大学医学院,广州 510006;2.华南理工
                            2 #
                                                     3
                                             2
                                                              2
                                     2
          大学附属第二医院药剂科,广州 510180;3.广东药科大学附属第一医院药学部,广州 510080)
          中图分类号  R95      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)24-2968-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.24.03


          摘   要  目的  分析国家药品集中采购政策对公立医院药品经济可及与用药结构的影响。方法  以降糖类、调脂类、抗肝炎病毒类
         (简称“抗病毒类”)药品和治疗精神病和抑郁症的精神类(简称“精神类”)药品为研究对象,采用间断时间序列模型,定量评估国家
          药品集采政策实施前后目标药品在全国样本医院中药品使用量、药品使用金额、日均费用等的变化情况,以及目标药品在某大型
          三级甲等医院中人均用药频度、门诊处方金额和医保结余留用金额的变化情况。结果  集采实施后,全国样本医院的4类中选药
          品的使用量均增加(降糖类药品除外其余 3 类的 P<0.01)、日均费用均显著下降(P<0.01),集采相关药品使用金额均显著下降
         (P<0.001);非中选药品的使用量(调脂类药品除外)均有明显的下降趋势(P<0.05),日均费用均明显降低(精神类药品除外其余
          3类的P<0.05);抗病毒类药品除外的其他可替代药品的使用量(P<0.01)、日均费用(仅精神类药品的P<0.01)均明显增加。不
          同的药品的用药结构受到集采政策影响不同,降糖类所受影响较为明显,集采后可替代药品的使用比例有所增加。单家医院门诊
          处方金额在集采后均显著降低,其中使用调脂类与抗病毒类集采相关药品患者支付费用降幅均大于0.60;目标中选药品可结余医
          保金额约125.25万元。结论  集采政策有效缓解了患者药品支出负担,同时也带动了仿制药对于原研药的替换和可替代药品使用
          的增长等用药结构的变化。
          关键词  国家药品集中采购政策;用药结构;间断时间序列;药品可及性


          Effects  of  the  national  centralized  drug  procurement  policy  on  drug  availability  and  the  structure  of
          hospital drug use
                                                  2
          LIN Limin ,PENG Xiaoqing ,TANG Rong ,LIU Guodong ,LIU Hong ,YIN Jiayu(1.  School  of  Medicine,
                    1, 2
                                                                                      2
                                     2
                                                                           3
                                                                2
          South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated
          Hospital  of  South  China  University  of Technology,  Guangzhou  510180,  China;3.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  First
          Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  the  effects  of  the  national  centralized  drug  procurement (NCDP)  policy  on  drug
          availability and the structure of drug use in public hospitals. METHODS Using hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, antiviral drugs, and
          psychiatric  drugs  for  the  treatment  of  mental  illness  and  depression  as  objects,  the  interrupted  time  series  model  was  used  to
          quantitatively evaluate the changes in consumption sum of drugs, consumption amount and daily cost of the target drugs in national
          sample hospitals as  well as  the changes in per capita medication  frequency,  outpatient prescription amount,  and medical insurance
          surplus  of  target  drugs  in  a  third  grade  class A  hospital  before  and  after  the  implementation  of  NCDP  policy.  RESULTS  After  the
          implementation of the NCDP policy, the volume for the four bid-winning drugs increased significantly (P<0.01 for the remaining
          three  categories  except  for  hypoglycemic  drugs),  but  DDDc (P<0.01)  and  the  amount  of  related  drugs (P<0.001)  decreased
          significantly.  The  volume  for  the  non-winning  drugs (except  for  lipid-lowering  drugs)  decreased  significantly (P<0.05),  and
          DDDc also decreased significantly (P<0.05 for other 3 categories except for psychiatric drugs); the volume (P<0.01) and DDDc
         (P<0.01  only  for  psychiatric  drugs)  for  alternative  drugs  all  increased  except  for  antiviral  drugs.  The  structure  of  drug  use  for
                                                              different  drugs  was  affected  differently  by  the  NCDP  policy,
              Δ 基金项目 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合-青年基金                  and  that  of  hypoglycemic  drugs  was  affected  obviously;  the
          项目(No.2020A1515110615);2020 年广东省医院药学研究基金(No.        proportion  of  alternative  drugs  increased  after  centralized
          2020XC125);广州市中医药和中西医结合科技项目(No.20222A01-
                                                              procurement.  The  outpatient  prescription  amount  of  each
          0006)                                               hospital  significantly  decreased  after  centralized  procurement,
             * 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :合 理 用 药 。 E-mail:
                                                              and  the  decrease  in  the  cost  paid  by  the  patients  using  lipid-
          614230045@qq.com
              # 通信作者 主任药师,硕士生导师。研究方向:药事管理与合理                  lowering  and  antiviral  drugs  related  to  centralized  procurement
          用药。E-mail:718674450@qq.com                          was  greater  than  0.60;  the  remaining  medical  insurance


          · 2968 ·    China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 24                            中国药房  2023年第34卷第24期
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