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·药事管理·
国家药品集中采购政策对药品经济可及与医院用药结构的影响
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林丽敏 1, 2* ,彭晓青 ,唐 榕 ,刘国栋 ,刘 洪 ,尹嘉瑜(1.华南理工大学医学院,广州 510006;2.华南理工
2 #
3
2
2
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大学附属第二医院药剂科,广州 510180;3.广东药科大学附属第一医院药学部,广州 510080)
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)24-2968-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.24.03
摘 要 目的 分析国家药品集中采购政策对公立医院药品经济可及与用药结构的影响。方法 以降糖类、调脂类、抗肝炎病毒类
(简称“抗病毒类”)药品和治疗精神病和抑郁症的精神类(简称“精神类”)药品为研究对象,采用间断时间序列模型,定量评估国家
药品集采政策实施前后目标药品在全国样本医院中药品使用量、药品使用金额、日均费用等的变化情况,以及目标药品在某大型
三级甲等医院中人均用药频度、门诊处方金额和医保结余留用金额的变化情况。结果 集采实施后,全国样本医院的4类中选药
品的使用量均增加(降糖类药品除外其余 3 类的 P<0.01)、日均费用均显著下降(P<0.01),集采相关药品使用金额均显著下降
(P<0.001);非中选药品的使用量(调脂类药品除外)均有明显的下降趋势(P<0.05),日均费用均明显降低(精神类药品除外其余
3类的P<0.05);抗病毒类药品除外的其他可替代药品的使用量(P<0.01)、日均费用(仅精神类药品的P<0.01)均明显增加。不
同的药品的用药结构受到集采政策影响不同,降糖类所受影响较为明显,集采后可替代药品的使用比例有所增加。单家医院门诊
处方金额在集采后均显著降低,其中使用调脂类与抗病毒类集采相关药品患者支付费用降幅均大于0.60;目标中选药品可结余医
保金额约125.25万元。结论 集采政策有效缓解了患者药品支出负担,同时也带动了仿制药对于原研药的替换和可替代药品使用
的增长等用药结构的变化。
关键词 国家药品集中采购政策;用药结构;间断时间序列;药品可及性
Effects of the national centralized drug procurement policy on drug availability and the structure of
hospital drug use
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LIN Limin ,PENG Xiaoqing ,TANG Rong ,LIU Guodong ,LIU Hong ,YIN Jiayu(1. School of Medicine,
1, 2
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South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated
Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China;3. Dept. of Pharmacy, the First
Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of the national centralized drug procurement (NCDP) policy on drug
availability and the structure of drug use in public hospitals. METHODS Using hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, antiviral drugs, and
psychiatric drugs for the treatment of mental illness and depression as objects, the interrupted time series model was used to
quantitatively evaluate the changes in consumption sum of drugs, consumption amount and daily cost of the target drugs in national
sample hospitals as well as the changes in per capita medication frequency, outpatient prescription amount, and medical insurance
surplus of target drugs in a third grade class A hospital before and after the implementation of NCDP policy. RESULTS After the
implementation of the NCDP policy, the volume for the four bid-winning drugs increased significantly (P<0.01 for the remaining
three categories except for hypoglycemic drugs), but DDDc (P<0.01) and the amount of related drugs (P<0.001) decreased
significantly. The volume for the non-winning drugs (except for lipid-lowering drugs) decreased significantly (P<0.05), and
DDDc also decreased significantly (P<0.05 for other 3 categories except for psychiatric drugs); the volume (P<0.01) and DDDc
(P<0.01 only for psychiatric drugs) for alternative drugs all increased except for antiviral drugs. The structure of drug use for
different drugs was affected differently by the NCDP policy,
Δ 基金项目 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合-青年基金 and that of hypoglycemic drugs was affected obviously; the
项目(No.2020A1515110615);2020 年广东省医院药学研究基金(No. proportion of alternative drugs increased after centralized
2020XC125);广州市中医药和中西医结合科技项目(No.20222A01-
procurement. The outpatient prescription amount of each
0006) hospital significantly decreased after centralized procurement,
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :合 理 用 药 。 E-mail:
and the decrease in the cost paid by the patients using lipid-
614230045@qq.com
# 通信作者 主任药师,硕士生导师。研究方向:药事管理与合理 lowering and antiviral drugs related to centralized procurement
用药。E-mail:718674450@qq.com was greater than 0.60; the remaining medical insurance
· 2968 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 24 中国药房 2023年第34卷第24期