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半夏地上、地下部分活性成分分析及镇咳作用比较
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赵 丽 ,徐加兵 ,陈晓兰 ,顾庆云 ,仇雅静 ,刘 明 ,丁奕竹(1.江苏农牧科技职业学院动物药学院,江苏 泰州
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225300;2.泰州市药品检验院,江苏 泰州 225300;3.西藏职业技术学院西藏兽药重点实验室,拉萨 850030)
中图分类号 R284.1;R965 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)11-1337-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.11.10
摘 要 目的 研究半夏地上部分(非药用的茎和叶部分)的活性成分和镇咳作用,并与半夏地下部分(药用的地下块茎部分)进行
对比,为半夏综合利用和产品开发提供科学依据。方法 采用薄层色谱(TLC)法、气相色谱(GC)法、高效液相色谱(HPLC)法和超
高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法对半夏地上和地下部分的氨基酸类、挥发油类、总黄酮类、有机酸类成分进行定性和定
量分析;通过浓氨水引咳实验,对半夏地上和地下部分的镇咳作用进行对比研究。结果 TLC结果显示,在与半夏对照药材以及精
氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、芦丁对照品色谱图相应的位置上,半夏地上和地下部分均显相同颜色的斑点;GC分析结果显示,半
夏地上和地下部分挥发油特征图谱的相似度为0.767;HPLC和UPLC-MS/MS分析结果显示,与半夏地下部分相比,地上部分中琥
珀酸、槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量分别高了0.15%、0.15%、0.09%、0.03%,天门冬氨酸含量低了2.5 mg/g。药效结果显示,与
模型对照组比较,各给药组大鼠的咳嗽潜伏期均显著延长(P<0.05),3 min内咳嗽次数均显著减少(P<0.05),且各给药组大鼠3
min内咳嗽次数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 半夏地上部分的氨基酸类、挥发油类、总黄酮类化合物组成与半夏地下部分
相似,琥珀酸、槲皮素、山柰酚、异鼠李素含量高于半夏地下部分,天门冬氨酸含量低于地下部分;半夏地上部分可延长大鼠咳嗽潜
伏期,减少咳嗽次数,具有一定的镇咳效果,但作用比地下部分稍弱。
关键词 半夏;地下部分;地上部分;活性成分;镇咳作用
Analysis of active components in aboveground and underground parts of Pinellia ternata and comparison
of antitussive effect
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ZHAO Li ,XU Jiabing ,CHEN Xiaolan ,GU Qingyun ,QIU Yajing ,LIU Ming ,DING Yizhu(1. School of
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Animal Pharmacy, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Jiangsu Taizhou 225300, China;2.
Taizhou Institute for Drug Control, Jiangsu Taizhou 225300, China;3. Tibet Key Laboratory of Veterinary
Medicine, Tibet Vocational and Technical College, Lhasa 850030, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To study active components and antitussive effect of aboveground part of Pinellia ternata (non-
medicinal stems and leaves), and compare them with the underground part of P. ternata (medicinal underground tubers), providing
scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization and product development of P. ternata. METHODS TLC, GC, HPLC and UPLC-
MS/MS were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of amino acids, volatile oil, total flavonoids and succinic acid from the
aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata. The antitussive effects of the aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata
were compared and studied through cough inducing experiment with concentrated ammonia water. RESULTS Results of TLC
showed that at the corresponding positions on the chromatograms of the reference substances of P. ternata, and arginine, alanine,
valine, leucine and rutin control, the aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata showed spots of the same color. Results of
GC showed that the similarity among characteristic chromatograms of volatile oil from aboveground and underground parts of P.
ternata was 0.767; results of HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS showed
Δ 基金项目 西藏自治区科技计划项目(No.XZ202101YD0001C);
that compared with underground parts of P. ternata, the contents
2021 年泰州市科技支撑计划社会发展(指导性)项目(No. 泰科计
〔2021〕28 号);泰州市“311 工程”科研资助项目(No.RCPY202122); of succinic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin
2020年度江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.202012806004Y) increased by 0.15%, 0.15%, 0.09% and 0.03%, and aspartate
*第一作者 讲师,硕士。研究方向:药物分析与检测。E-mail: content decreased by 2.5 mg/g. Pharmacodynamics results
897595990@qq.com
# 通信作者 主管中药师,硕士。研究方向:中药质量分析。 showed that compared with model control group, the cough
E-mail:396601624@qq.com incubation period of rats was prolonged significantly in
中国药房 2023年第34卷第11期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 11 · 1337 ·