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·药事管理·
WHO儿童基本药物示范目录、WHO和我国基本药物目录中抗感
染药物的比较与启示
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1*
董 途 ,马 鑫 ,马姝丽 ,刘 伟 (1.郑州大学药学院,郑州 450001;2.河南省药品审评查验中心,郑州
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450008;3.郑州大学附属儿童医院药学部,郑州 450012)
中图分类号 R985;R978 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)11-1293-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.11.02
摘 要 目的 为丰富我国儿童抗感染药物用药选择、促进我国儿童基本药物目录的建立提供建议和参考。方法 采用描述性分
析法,从药物类别、品种、剂型、规格和符号标记等方面对比研究《WHO儿童基本药物示范目录》(EMLc)、《WHO基本药物目录》
(EML)与我国《国家基本药物目录》(NEML)中抗感染药物的异同。结果 EMLc 中的抗感染药物均被 EML 覆盖(占 EML 的
85.3%)。NEML中抗感染药物的药物信息相对欠缺,新品种较少,如未收录EMLc中第三代及以上头孢菌素,剂型也相对局限(主
要为片剂、胶囊和注射剂),但规格较为丰富。结论 参考EMLc,从年龄、体质量、联合用药等方面增加我国基本药物的儿童用药
指导,增加NEML中口服液体制剂、刻痕片等儿童适用剂型;在更新NEML时纳入头孢克肟、达卡他韦等儿童适宜的较新品种;参
照EML与EMLc的承接性,基于NEML建立我国儿童基本药物目录,以满足儿童用药需求,促进儿童药物安全使用。
关键词 抗感染药物;基本药物目录;儿童用药;世界卫生组织
Comparison and enlightenment of anti-infective medicines between WHO model list of essential medicines
for children, essential medicine list of WHO and national essential medicine list
DONG Tu ,MA Xin ,MA Shuli ,LIU Wei (1. College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
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450001, China;2. Henan Provincial Drug Evaluation and Inspection Center, Zhengzhou 450008, China;3. Dept.
of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450012, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To provide suggestions and reference for enriching the selection of anti-infective medicines for
children in China and promoting the establishment of the Essential Medicine List for Children in China. METHODS Descriptive
analysis method was used to statistically compare the differences and similarities of anti-infective medicines included in the World
Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc), World Health Organization Model List of Essential
Medicines (EML) and National Essential Medicine List (NEML) in terms of drug category, variety, dosage form, specification,
symbol mark, etc. RESULTS All anti-infective medicines of EMLc were covered by EML (85.3%). NEML lacked the information
of anti-infective medicines relatively, and contained few new categories; for example, the third-generation and above
cephalosporins in EMLc were not included, and the drug dosage forms were also relatively limited (mainly tablets, capsules and
injections), but the specifications were relatively rich. CONCLUSIONS With reference to EMLc, the guidance on the use of
essential medicines for children in China should be added from the aspects of age, body weight, combined medication, etc., and
the dosage forms suitable for children such as oral liquid preparations and scored tablets should be added to NEML; when updating
the NEML the newer drugs suitable for children such as cefixime and dacatavir should be included. Finally, with reference to the
continuity of EML and EMLc, the Essential Medicine List for Children in China should be established based on NEML to meet the
drug needs of children and promote the safe use of drugs in children.
KEYWORDS anti-infective medicines; Essential Medicine List; medicine use of children; WHO
儿童自身免疫系统尚不成熟,是抗感染药物的主要
Δ 基金项目 河南省科技发展计划项目(No.212102310445) 用药群体,但儿童临床研究开展较为困难,又不宜直接
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :药 事 管 理 。 E-mail: 沿用成人用药数据,所以相对其他年龄段患者,儿童更
723582745@qq.com
容易出现抗感染药物的不合理使用。为保障儿童用药
# 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:药物政策、合理用
药。E-mail:liuweiyxy@zzu.edu.cn 安全,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)发
中国药房 2023年第34卷第11期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 11 · 1293 ·