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·药事管理·


          WHO儿童基本药物示范目录、WHO和我国基本药物目录中抗感
          染药物的比较与启示
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                 1*
          董 途 ,马 鑫 ,马姝丽 ,刘 伟 (1.郑州大学药学院,郑州 450001;2.河南省药品审评查验中心,郑州
                                           1 #
          450008;3.郑州大学附属儿童医院药学部,郑州 450012)
          中图分类号  R985;R978      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)11-1293-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.11.02

          摘  要  目的  为丰富我国儿童抗感染药物用药选择、促进我国儿童基本药物目录的建立提供建议和参考。方法  采用描述性分
          析法,从药物类别、品种、剂型、规格和符号标记等方面对比研究《WHO儿童基本药物示范目录》(EMLc)、《WHO基本药物目录》
         (EML)与我国《国家基本药物目录》(NEML)中抗感染药物的异同。结果  EMLc 中的抗感染药物均被 EML 覆盖(占 EML 的
          85.3%)。NEML中抗感染药物的药物信息相对欠缺,新品种较少,如未收录EMLc中第三代及以上头孢菌素,剂型也相对局限(主
          要为片剂、胶囊和注射剂),但规格较为丰富。结论  参考EMLc,从年龄、体质量、联合用药等方面增加我国基本药物的儿童用药
          指导,增加NEML中口服液体制剂、刻痕片等儿童适用剂型;在更新NEML时纳入头孢克肟、达卡他韦等儿童适宜的较新品种;参
          照EML与EMLc的承接性,基于NEML建立我国儿童基本药物目录,以满足儿童用药需求,促进儿童药物安全使用。
          关键词  抗感染药物;基本药物目录;儿童用药;世界卫生组织

          Comparison  and  enlightenment  of  anti-infective  medicines  between WHO  model  list  of  essential  medicines
          for children, essential medicine list of WHO and national essential medicine list
          DONG Tu ,MA Xin ,MA Shuli ,LIU Wei (1.  College  of  Pharmacy,  Zhengzhou  University,  Zhengzhou
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          450001, China;2. Henan Provincial Drug Evaluation and Inspection Center, Zhengzhou 450008, China;3. Dept.
          of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450012, China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  provide  suggestions  and  reference  for  enriching  the  selection  of  anti-infective  medicines  for
          children  in  China  and  promoting  the  establishment  of  the  Essential  Medicine  List  for  Children  in  China.  METHODS  Descriptive
          analysis  method  was  used  to  statistically  compare  the  differences  and  similarities  of  anti-infective  medicines  included  in  the World
          Health  Organization  Model  List  of  Essential  Medicines  for  Children (EMLc),  World  Health  Organization  Model  List  of  Essential
          Medicines (EML)  and  National  Essential  Medicine  List (NEML)  in  terms  of  drug  category,  variety,  dosage  form,  specification,
          symbol mark, etc. RESULTS All anti-infective medicines of EMLc were covered by EML (85.3%). NEML lacked the information
          of  anti-infective  medicines  relatively,  and  contained  few  new  categories;  for  example,  the  third-generation  and  above
          cephalosporins  in  EMLc  were  not  included,  and  the  drug  dosage  forms  were  also  relatively  limited (mainly  tablets,  capsules  and
          injections),  but  the  specifications  were  relatively  rich.  CONCLUSIONS  With  reference  to  EMLc,  the  guidance  on  the  use  of
          essential  medicines  for  children  in  China  should  be  added  from  the  aspects  of  age,  body  weight,  combined  medication,  etc.,  and
          the dosage forms suitable for children such as oral liquid preparations and scored tablets should be added to NEML; when updating
          the  NEML  the  newer  drugs  suitable  for  children  such  as  cefixime  and  dacatavir  should  be  included.  Finally,  with  reference  to  the
          continuity of EML and EMLc, the Essential Medicine List for Children in China should be established based on NEML to meet the
          drug needs of children and promote the safe use of drugs in children.
          KEYWORDS    anti-infective medicines; Essential Medicine List; medicine use of children; WHO



                                                                 儿童自身免疫系统尚不成熟,是抗感染药物的主要
             Δ 基金项目 河南省科技发展计划项目(No.212102310445)             用药群体,但儿童临床研究开展较为困难,又不宜直接
             * 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :药 事 管 理 。 E-mail:   沿用成人用药数据,所以相对其他年龄段患者,儿童更
          723582745@qq.com
                                                             容易出现抗感染药物的不合理使用。为保障儿童用药
             # 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:药物政策、合理用
          药。E-mail:liuweiyxy@zzu.edu.cn                      安全,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)发


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第11期                                              China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 11    · 1293 ·
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