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·药事管理·
我国药品投诉举报制度影响因素的实证研究 Δ
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梁 云 ,王广平,邵 蓉(中国药科大学国家药物政策与医药产业经济研究中心,南京 211198)
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中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2022)04-0385-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.04.01
摘 要 目的 为完善我国药品投诉举报制度、提高药品安全社会共治水平提供借鉴。方法 以广东省为例,采用文献回顾、问卷调
查、结构方程模型(SEM)等方法,对“互联网+”途径、药品质量、药品专业知识、投诉举报程序、投诉举报方式、投诉举报动机、政府
奖励和行政复议或诉讼等药品投诉举报制度影响因素进行分析。结果与结论 共收到3 375份问卷,均为有效问卷;绝大多数受访
者居住地为广东。药品投诉举报制度影响因素的实证分析结果显示,“互联网+”途径与药品专业知识、投诉举报程序和投诉举报
方式的路径系数均大于0.9,提示“互联网+”推进了公众药品投诉举报方式和行为的转变。建议我国在药品投诉举报制度的设计
中,不仅要吸引社会公众参与到投诉举报处理中来,而且要利用互联网的发展来培养社会公众的治理能力,规范职业打假行为,推进
“数字政府”机构改革,适当调整药品监管机构的工作职责,进而减少我国药品投诉举报数量,优化药品安全治理体系。
关键词 药品;投诉举报制度;广东省;实证研究;问卷调查;结构方程模型
Empirical study on the influential factors of the drug complaint and reporting system in China
LIANG Yun,WANG Guangping,SHAO Rong(Research Center of National Drug Policy & Ecosystem,China
Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 211198,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To improve the drug complaint and reporting system in China,and to provide reference for
improving the social multi-component governance level of the drug safety. METHODS Taking Guangdong province as an example,
literature review,questionnaire survey,structural equation model and other methods were used to analyze influential factors of the
drug complaint and reporting system,such as“Internet + ”approach,drug quality,specialized drug knowledge,complaint and
reporting procedures,complaint and reporting methods,complaint and reporting motivation,governmental reward,administrative
review or litigation. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 3 375 questionnaires were received,all of which were valid;the
vast majority of respondents lived in Guangdong province. The results of the empirical analysis of the influential factors of drug
complaint and reporting system showed that the path coefficients of“Internet + ”approach and specialized drug knowledge,
complaint and reporting procedures,complaint and reporting methods were all greater than 0.9,indicating“Internet+”promoted the
transformation of the way and behavior of complaint and reporting. It is suggested that the design of the drug complaint and
reporting system should not only attract the public to participate in drug complaint and reporting,but also cultivate the public’s
management capacity through the approach of internet, standardize professional anti-counterfeiting behavior, promote the
institutional reform of“digital government”,and appropriately adjust the work responsibilities of drug regulatory department,so as
to reduce the number of drug complaint and reporting in China,and optimize the drug safety governance system.
KEYWORDS drug;complaint and reporting system;Guangdong province;empirical study;questionnaire survey;structural
equation model
2019年8月新修订的《药品管理法》明确指出,药品 总局关于印发<举报制售假冒伪劣产品违法犯罪活动有
监管工作应以“全程管控、风险管理、社会共治”为原则, 功人员奖励办法>的通知》明确规定了关于对举报制售
药品监管部门应当“接受咨询、投诉、举报,并依法及时 假冒伪劣产品者的保护范围、奖励方式等内容,为各地
[1]
答复、核实、处理”。药品投诉举报作为药品安全社会 区建立对制售假冒伪劣产品有奖举报制度提供了纲领
共治的一种有效途径,是药品安全相关主体就药品风险 性指导 ;2011 年和 2019 年,国家食品药品监督管理局
[2]
问题进行交流的主要渠道,也是检验基层药品监管部门 和国家市场监督管理总局先后发布《关于印发食品药品
监管效能的重要指标。2001年,《财政部 工商总局 质检 投诉举报管理办法(试行)的通知》《市场监督管理投诉
Δ 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目(No.15ZDB167);中国 举报处理暂行办法》,表明我国药品投诉举报制度体系
药科大学“双一流”学科创新团队建设项目(No.CPU2018GY39) 正逐步健全。但药品投诉举报制度仍存在众多问题和
* 博 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :医 药 政 策 与 法 规 。 E-mail:
挑战,如网络新业态的出现、药品投诉举报参与主体不
20239712@qq.com
均衡、药品投诉举报的受理和答复程序仍不规范等。
# 通信作者:教授,博士生导师。研究方向:医药政策与法规。
E-mail:shaorong118@163.com 2019年10月,《国务院关于加强和规范事中事后监管的
中国药房 2022年第33卷第4期 China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 4 ·385 ·