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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To study the improvement effects and potential mechanism of chelidonine on CCl4-induced hepatic
fibrosis model rats. METHODS:According to the random number table method,a total of 48 rats were randomly divided into
normal control group,model group,chelidonine low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose groups(0.125,0.25,0.50 mg/kg),positive
control group(Liver-protecting tablet,0.42 g/kg),with 8 rats in each group. Except for normal control group,other groups were
given CCl4-olive oil solution intraperitoneally for 8 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis model. From the fifth week of modeling,
normal control group and model group were given water intragastrically;administration groups were given relevant medicine
intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 10 weeks. After last intragastric administration,hepatic index of rats was calculated.
The levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and hyaluronic acid(HA)in serum and the level
of hydroxyproline(Hyp)in liver tissue were determined. The staining of collagen fibrin in rat liver was observed. The protein
expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 as well as the
phosphorylation level of phosphoinositide 3 kinase(PI3K),protein kinase B(Akt)and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)in
liver tissue were determined;mRNA expression corresponding to above protein were also determined. RESULTS:Compared with
normal control group,the hepatic index,the serum levels of AST,ALT,HA and Hyp,the percentage of positive staining area for
collagen fibrin,the mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA and LC3- Ⅱ were increased significantly (P<0.05). Protein
expression of p62,phosphorylation levels of PI3K,Akt and mTOR as well as mRNA expression of p62,PI3K,Akt and mTOR
were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05). Compared with model group,phosphorylation levels of PI3K and mTOR were
decreased significantly in chelidonine low-dose group(P<0.05). The changes of above indexes in chelidonine middle-dose and
high-dose groups (except for liver index, HA level in middle-dose group) were reversed significantly (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:Chelidonine can attenuate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats;the mechanism of it may be associated with
activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and inhibiting autophagy.
KEYWORDS Chelidonine;Hepatic fibrosis;PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway;Autophagy
肝纤维化是由多种原因导致的急性或慢性肝病的 菜碱对活化的大鼠 HSC——CFSC-8B 细胞的增殖和细
[11]
共同病理过程,如病毒性肝炎、酒精肝、脂肪肝以及自身 胞中的胶原合成具有抑制作用 。但目前关于白屈菜
免疫性疾病等均可引起肝组织细胞外基质(ECM)过度 碱抗肝纤维化的作用机制尚未完全阐明。鉴于此,本研
沉积,最终导致肝纤维化 [1-2] 。肝纤维化是一个动态发 究拟以四氯化碳(CCl4 )诱导建立大鼠肝纤维化模型,探
展的过程,当肝脏受到损伤时,会刺激肝星状细胞 讨白屈菜碱的抗肝纤维化作用及其对 PI3K/Akt/mTOR
(HSC)活化,进而分泌α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Ⅰ型 信号通路和自噬的调控作用,为进一步阐明白屈菜碱抗
胶原蛋白和纤维连接蛋白等ECM,加快肝纤维化进程, 肝纤维化的作用机制提供参考。
甚至会发展成为肝硬化-肝细胞癌;若肝脏在发生纤维 1 材料
化时经过积极治疗,可终止或逆转肝纤维化的病理学改 1.1 主要仪器
变 [3-4] 。细胞自噬是通过自我消化受损的细胞器等来维 本研究所用的主要仪器有Stratagene Mx3005P型实
持细胞内、外环境的稳定,可为HSC提供能量,促进HSC 时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)仪(美国 Agilent 公
的活化、增殖,进而促进肝纤维化的发展 。磷脂酰肌醇 司),JY-ZY2型转移电泳槽、JY-CZ1型单垂直电泳槽(北
[5]
3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋 京君意东方电泳设备有限公司)、CKX41 型倒置显微镜
白(mTOR)在肝纤维化的进程中扮演着重要角色,其中 (日本Olympus公司)、SmartChemi TM Ⅱ型一体式化学发
mTOR是PI3K和Akt下游的重要靶点,同时也是自噬的 光 图 像 分 析 系 统(北 京 赛 智 创 业 科 技 有 限 公 司)、
关键负调节因子,因此可通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路 ELX800 型全自动酶标仪(美国 Bio Tek 公司)、XPE504
来调节细胞自噬 。 型分析天平(瑞士Mettler-Toledo公司)。
[6]
白屈菜为罂粟科白屈菜属多年生草本植物白屈菜 1.2 主要药品与试剂
Chelidonium majus L.的全草,味苦,性凉,有小毒,归肺、 本研究所用的主要药品与试剂包括:白屈菜碱对照
心、肾经,具有镇痛、止咳、平喘、消肿之功效 。白屈菜 品(中国食品药品检定研究院,批号 18041303,纯度≥
[7]
碱是中药白屈菜中的主要活性成分之一 。现代药理学 98%),护肝片(黑龙江葵花药业股份有限公司,批号
[8]
研究表明,白屈菜碱具有抗纤维化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗菌、 201609128,规格为每片0.35 g),苦味酸-酸性品红(VG)
[9]
镇痛、解痉等多种药理作用 ,尤其是其抗纤维化、抗肿 染色试剂盒、BCA 蛋白定量试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有
瘤作用,近年受到了越来越多学者的关注。相关研究显 限公司,批号分别为 20161121、20160519),透明质酸
示,白屈菜碱可调节丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)等肝酶活性, (HA)检测试剂盒(武汉默沙克生物科技有限公司,批号
[10]
抑制大鼠肝纤维化 。本课题组前期研究也表明,白屈 201709),肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)检测试剂盒、ALT 检测
中国药房 2021年第32卷第23期 China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 23 ·2869 ·