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黄芪总皂苷对气虚模型大鼠的补气作用及机制研究 Δ
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张丹丹 ,王天合 ,余 意 ,胡明华 ,李慧君 ,夏和元 ,罗心遥 ,杨玉莹 ,叶晓川 [1.湖北中医药大学药学院
中药资源与中药化学省级重点实验室,武汉 430065;2.无限极(中国)有限公司,广州 510623]
中图分类号 R965 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2020)24-3020-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.24.12
摘 要 目的:研究黄芪总皂苷对气虚模型大鼠的补气作用及可能机制,为阐明黄芪补气的药效物质基础提供参考。方法:将40
只雄性Wistar大鼠按体质量随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性对照组[补中益气丸,4.5 g/(kg·d),以生药量计]和黄芪总皂苷高、低剂
量组[252、28 g/(kg·d),以总皂苷量计],每组8只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠均采用“饮食不节+疲劳”法复制气虚模型。于造模
同时,各给药组大鼠灌胃相应药物,正常组和模型组大鼠灌胃等体积水,每天1次,连续给药21 d。末次给药后,观察大鼠的一般
情况;检测大鼠的体质量、胸腺指数、脾指数;记录其负重力竭游泳时间;测定其脾T淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4,肝组织中三磷酸腺
苷(ATP)、二磷酸腺苷(ADP),血清中白蛋白(ALB),全血中红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HBG)以及血清中超氧化物歧化酶
(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、白细胞介素 2(IL-2)、IL-12、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的水平。
结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠体质量、胸腺指数、脾指数、负重力竭游泳时间以及脾 T 淋巴细胞亚群 CD3、ATP、ADP、ALB 和
IL-12水平均显著降低或缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01),MDA、乳酸、CK和TNF-α水平均显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,黄芪总
皂苷高剂量组大鼠的体质量、脾指数、负重力竭游泳时间以及T淋巴细胞亚群CD3、ATP、ADP、ALB、RBC水平均显著升高或延长
(P<0.05),MDA、乳酸、CK、TNF-α水平显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);黄芪低剂量组大鼠的负重力竭游泳时间、ATP、ADP、IL-2
水平均显著升高或延长(P<0.05或P<0.01),MDA、乳酸、CK、TNF-α水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与阳性对照组比较,
黄芪总皂苷高剂量组大鼠脾指数、脾 T 淋巴细胞亚群 CD3 水平、负重力竭游泳时间、ATP 水平显著升高或延长(P<0.05 或 P<
0.01),黄芪总皂苷高、低剂量组大鼠MDA水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:黄芪总皂苷可通过减少机体乳酸的积累,
降低CK活性、体内脂质过氧化物水平以及调节免疫,从而起到补气、延缓疲劳发生、增强运动能力的作用。
关键词 黄芪总皂苷;补气作用;机制;气虚模型;大鼠
Study on“Qi-invigorating”Effect and Its Mechanism of Total Saponins of Astragalus membranaceus on
Rats with Qi-deficiency
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ZHANG Dandan ,WANG Tianhe ,YU Yi ,HU Minghua ,LI Huijun ,XIA Heyuan ,LUO Xinyao ,YANG
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Yuying ,YE Xiaochuan [1. Hubei Provincial Key Lab of TCM Resource and TCM Chemistry,College of
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Pharmacy, Hubei University of TCM, Wuhan 430065, China; 2. Infinitus (China) Company Limited,
Guangzhou 510623,China]
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To study “Qi-invigorating”effect and its possible mechanism of total saponins of Astragalus
membranaceus on rats with Qi-deficiency,and to provide reference for elucidating the material basis of“Qi-invigorating”effect of
A. membranaceus. METHODS:Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,positive control
group [Buzhong yiqi pills,4.5 g/(kg·d)],A. membranaceus total saponins high-dose and low-dose groups [252,28 g/(kg·d),by
the amount of total saponins] according to body weight,with 8 rats in each group. Except for normal group,the model of
Qi-deficiency was made in other groups by the method of“diet disorder+fatigue”. At the same time,administration groups were
given relevant medicine intragastrically,and normal group and model group were given constant volume of water,once a day,for
consecutive 21 days. After last administration,the general situation of rats was observed;the body weight,spleen index and
thymus index of rats were detected;weight-bearing swimming time was recorded;the levels of spleen T lymphocyte subsets CD3
and CD4,the levels of ATP and ADP in liver tissue,serum levels of ALB,RBC and HBG in blood as well as the serum levels of
SOD,MDA,lactate,LDH,CK,IL-2,IL-12 and TNF-α were all detected. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,body
weight,thymus index,spleen index,weight-bearing swimming time,the level of spleen T lymphocyte subsets CD3,ATP,ADP,
ALB,IL-2 and IL-12 were decreased or shortened significantly in model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The levels of MDA,
lactate, CK and TNF-α were increased significantly (P<
Δ 基金项目:湖北省技术创新专项(重点项目)(No.2019AFB865)
0.05). Compared with model group, body weight, spleen
*博士研究生。研究方向:中药及其复方物质基础。E-mail:
index,weight-bearing swimming time,the level of spleen T
1280499642@qq.com
# 通信作者:教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药药效物质 lymphocyte subsets CD3 and the levels of ATP,ADP,ALB,
基础。E-mail:yxxcc1965@163.com RBC and IL-2 were increased significantly or prolonged(P<
·3020 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 24 中国药房 2020年第31卷第24期