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负载盐酸万古霉素的聚多巴胺纳米粒的制备及其联合光热的抗

菌作用研究
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潘梨花 1， 2＊ ，刘 斌 ，江霞云 ，周小鹏 （1.浙江中医药大学药学院，杭州 310053；2.丽水市人民医院药学部，
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浙江 丽水 323000；3.丽水市中心医院骨科，浙江 丽水 323000）
中图分类号 R917；R943 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2025）15-1887-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.15.12

摘 要 目的 制备负载盐酸万古霉素（VH）的聚多巴胺（PDA）纳米粒（即 VH@PDA 纳米粒），并研究其联合光热的抗菌作用。
方法 以PDA为载体负载VH，制备VH@PDA纳米粒（同法制备PDA纳米粒）。采用激光粒度仪、透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收
光谱仪等对VH@PDA纳米粒进行表征，并测定该纳米粒的载药量和包封率。通过近红外激光照射考察该纳米粒的光热性能；以
金黄色葡萄球菌为研究对象，采用琼脂平板法、活/死细菌染色法、结晶紫染色法考察该纳米粒联合光热的体外抗菌作用。以L929
细胞为研究对象，考察不同质量浓度（0、3.125、6.25、12.5、25、50、100 μg/mL）VH@PDA纳米粒对细胞活力的影响，以考察生物相
容性。结果 VH@PDA 纳米粒成功负载 VH，其粒径（约为 300 nm）均一、孔径明显，呈球形结构；载药量为 11.34%，包封率为
32.00%；光热转化效率为23.55%，且具有稳定的光热性能。联合光热的抗菌作用结果显示，当不以近红外激光照射处理时，VH、
PDA纳米粒、VH@PDA纳米粒的抗菌效果不明显，而以近红外激光照射处理时，VH@PDA纳米粒表现出明显的抗菌效果。细胞
实验结果显示，不同质量浓度VH@PDA纳米粒处理后，细胞存活率均高于80%。结论 本研究成功制备VH@PDA纳米粒，该纳
米粒具有稳定的光热性能，联合光热的抗菌作用明显，且具有良好的生物相容性。
关键词 万古霉素；聚多巴胺；纳米粒；光热治疗；抗菌；生物相容性

Preparation of vancomycin hydrochloride-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles and their antimicrobial effect
in combination with photothermal therapy
PAN Lihua ，LIU Bin ，JIANG Xiayun ，ZHOU Xiaopeng（1. School of Pharmacy， Zhejiang Chinese Medical
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1， 2
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University， Hangzhou 310053， China；2. Dept. of Pharmacy， Lishui People’s Hospital， Zhejiang Lishui
323000， China；3. Dept. of Orthopaedics， Lishui Municipal Central Hospital， Zhejiang Lishui 323000， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To prepare vancomycin hydrochloride （VH）-loaded polydopamine （PDA） nanoparticles （VH@PDA
nanoparticles）， and study their antimicrobial effect in combination with photothermal therapy. METHODS Using PDA as the
carrier， VH was loaded to prepare VH@PDA nanoparticles （PDA nanoparticles were prepared using the same method）. The
nanoparticles were characterized with laser particle size analyzer， transmission electron microscope， and UV visible absorption
spectrometer； the drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the nanoparticles were determined. The near-infrared laser
irradiation was adopted to determine their photothermal ability. Taking Staphylococcus aureus as the research object， the bactericidal
properties of the nanoparticles in combination with photothermal therapy in vitro were clarified through plate colony coating
method， live/dead staining analysis， crystal violet staining. Using L929 cells as the research object， the effects of VH@PDA
nanoparticles at different mass concentrations （0， 3.125， 6.25， 12.5， 25， 50 and 100 μg/mL） on cell viability were investigated to
assess their biocompatibility. RESULTS VH@PDA nanoparticles were successfully loaded with VH， exhibiting uniform particle
size （approximately 300 nm）， distinct pore size， and a spherical structure. The drug loading capacity was 11.34%， the
encapsulation efficiency was 32.00%， the photothermal conversion efficiency reached 23.55%， and they demonstrated stable
photothermal performance. The antibacterial effect results of the combined photothermal therapy demonstrated that without near-
infrared laser irradiation， the antibacterial effects of VH， PDA
Δ 基金项目 浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目（No.2022KY458，No. nanoparticles， and VH@PDA nanoparticles were not
2025KY1989）；丽水市百千青年博硕成长计划项目（No.2023047923） significant. However， when subjected to near-infrared laser
＊第一作者 药师。研究方向：药物新剂型与新技术。E-mail：
irradiation， VH@PDA nanoparticles exhibited a pronounced
578620979@qq.com
antibacterial effect. The results of the cell experiments revealed
# 通信作者 药师，硕士。研究方向：药物新剂型与新技术。
E-mail：shopchou@163.com that after treatment with VH@PDA nanoparticles at various

中国药房 2025年第36卷第15期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 15 · 1887 ·