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癌细胞对培美曲塞的敏感性。培美曲塞还可以通过上                                 Pathol Res Pract,2023,250:154817.
          调抑癌 miRNA let-7c、miR-451、miR-486-5p 和下调致癌          [ 4 ]  SALMAN A T,SHAKER O,ELSHAER S S,et al. The
          miRNA miR-210 促进对 PM 的细胞毒作用,抵抗 PM 的                     expression profiling of serum miR-92a,miR-134 and miR-
          耐药性。顺铂也能够诱导抑癌 miRNA let-7c、miR-34a、                     375  in  acute  ischemic  stroke[J].  Future  Sci  OA,2022,8
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          miR-145和miR-451的表达,降低PM的耐药性 。                          (10):FSO829.
                                                             [ 5 ]  SATO  Y,TOMITA  M,SOGA  T,et  al.  Upregulation  of
          3.2 增加耐药性
                                                                  thymidylate  synthase  induces  pemetrexed  resistance  in
              一些miRNA在PM发生发展中充当致癌基因角色,
                                                                  malignant  pleural  mesothelioma[J].  Front  Pharmacol,
          它们已被证明可以增加癌细胞的耐药性。例如:miR-
                                                                  2021,12:718675.
          130a 可通过靶向 CTR1 mRNA 的 3′UTR 来下调 CTR1
                                                             [ 6 ]  KENWORTHY  R,BOSCO  D  B,DELIGIO  J  T,et  al.
          的表达,使得癌细胞对铂类药物的摄取减少,从而降低                                Micro-RNA149  confers  taxane  resistance  to  malignant
          癌细胞的化疗敏感性。当 miR-145 在癌细胞中过表达                            mesothelioma  cells  via  regulation  of  P-glycoprotein  ex‐
          时,其可以抑制非同源末端连接的表达,促进癌细胞                                 pression[J]. Cancer Biol Ther,2018,19(3):181-187.
          DNA 的修复,进而导致癌细胞耐药 。根据早期研究,                         [ 7 ]  KARTHIKA C,SURESHKUMAR R,ZEHRAVI M,et al.
                                        [42]
          癌细胞中 miRNA let-7 表达的增加会导致 p53 表达下降                      Multidrug resistance of cancer cells and the vital role of
                                        [3]
          以及癌细胞对化疗药物敏感性降低 。还有研究发现,                                P-glycoprotein[J]. Life,2022,12(6):897.
          miR-31能通过改变ABCB9的表达并阻止溶酶体摄取铂                       [ 8 ]  CALLAGHAN R,LUK F,BEBAWY M. Inhibition of the
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          类药物来促进PM细胞对抗癌药物产生耐药性 。过表                                multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein:time for a change of
                                                                  strategy?[J]. Drug Metab Dispos,2014,42(4):623-631.
          达 的 miR-21 也 可 以 抑 制 培 美 曲 塞 对 PM 的 细 胞 毒
              [30]
          作用 。                                               [ 9 ]  ARNESANO F,NATILE G. Interference between copper
          4 总结与展望                                                 transport  systems  and  platinum  drugs[J].  Semin  Cancer
                                                                  Biol,2021,76:173-188.
              许多研究已经表明,miRNA能够参与调控癌症的发
                                                             [10]  MALAKOTI F,TARGHAZEH N,ABADIFARD E,et al.
          生发展,其在恶性肿瘤及其他疾病中具有重要的临床诊                                DNA repair and damage pathways in mesothelioma deve-
          断价值。本文重点总结了 PM 耐药性的产生机制及                                lopment and therapy[J]. Cancer Cell Int,2022,22(1):176.
          miRNA 在 PM 耐药中的重要作用。鉴于 miRNA 在 PM                  [11]  CIERNA Z,MISKOVSKA V,ROSKA J,et al. Increased
          中具有增强癌细胞的药物敏感性或增加耐药性等关键                                 levels of XPA might be the basis of cisplatin resistance in
          调控作用,可以推测,使用 miRNA 拮抗剂或 miRNA 模                         germ cell tumours[J]. BMC Cancer,2020,20(1):17.
          拟物靶向纠正耐药形成过程中内源性miRNA的失调表                          [12]  BORCHERT  S,WESSOLLY  M,SCHMELLER  J,et  al.
          达,可能是逆转 PM 耐药一种有效的治疗策略。可以预                              Gene  expression  profiling  of  homologous  recombination
          见,miRNA 在 PM 治疗中应用前景广阔。然而,有关直                           repair  pathway  indicates  susceptibility  for  olaparib  treat‐
          接靶向 miRNA 对 PM 进行治疗的研究成果还未达到能                           ment in malignant pleural mesothelioma in vitro[J]. BMC
                                                                  Cancer,2019,19(1):108.
          实际应用于临床的水平。未来的研究应重点围绕确定
                                                             [13]  MYLAVARAPU S,DAS A,ROY M. Role of BRCA mu‐
          对PM及其他癌症的诊治最为关键的miRNA,从而进一
                                                                  tations in the modulation of response to platinum therapy
          步探究并证实其在恶性肿瘤早期诊断及临床治疗中的
                                                                  [J]. Front Oncol,2018,8:16.
          重要作用,为恶性肿瘤的诊治提供新的策略。                               [14]  SAWANT A,KOTHANDAPANI A,ZHITKOVICH A,et
          参考文献                                                    al. Role of mismatch repair proteins in the processing of
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          中国药房  2024年第35卷第22期                                              China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 22    · 2835 ·
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