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大豆异黄酮对幼年小鼠生殖发育的影响
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许文达 ，董思林，张 晗，宋迎琳，迟镜仪，赵振军，石 慧（烟台大学生命科学学院，山东 烟台 264005）
中图分类号 R965；Q418 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2024）06-0678-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.06.07
摘 要 目的 探讨大豆异黄酮（SI）对幼鼠生殖发育的影响。方法 将 C57BL/6 幼鼠随机分为对照组和 SI 小、大剂量组（10、100
mg/kg），每组10只，雌雄各半。各药物组幼鼠灌胃相应药液，每天1次，持续2周。末次灌胃后，计算幼鼠的体重增长百分比，检测
血清雌二醇、睾酮水平以及生殖器官组织中丙二醛（MDA）含量、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧
化物酶（GSH-Px）活性，观察其生殖器官组织的病理改变，并检测其细胞凋亡情况。结果 与对照组比较，SI大剂量组雌性幼鼠的
体重增长百分比显著升高，而雄性幼鼠的体重增长百分比显著降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。SI各剂量组幼鼠卵巢组织均可见囊性
卵泡，睾丸组织可见精母细胞排列松散，附睾组织可见部分上皮细胞脱落。SI各剂量组雌性幼鼠血清睾酮水平和雄性幼鼠血清睾
酮、雌二醇水平，SI 小剂量组雌性幼鼠卵巢组织中 GSH-Px 活性和 SI 各剂量组雌性幼鼠卵巢组织中 T-AOC，以及 SI 各剂量组雄
性幼鼠睾丸及附睾组织细胞凋亡率均显著升高（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）；SI 各剂量组雌性幼鼠血清雌二醇水平，SI 大剂量组雌性
幼鼠卵巢组织中 SOD 活性和 SI 各剂量组雌性幼鼠卵巢组织中 MDA 含量，以及 SI 各剂量组雌性小鼠卵巢组织细胞凋亡率均显
著降低（P＜0.05 或 P＜0.01）。结论 SI 可提高雌性幼鼠卵巢组织的抗氧化应激能力，减少其氧化应激损伤，但对雄性幼鼠的生
殖器官具有一定的蓄积毒性。
关键词 大豆异黄酮；幼鼠；生殖发育；生殖器官；毒性
Effects of soybean isoflavones on the reproductive development of young mice
XU Wenda，DONG Silin，ZHANG Han，SONG Yinglin，CHI Jingyi，ZHAO Zhenjun，SHI Hui（School of Life
Sciences， Yantai University， Shandong Yantai 264005， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of soybean isoflavones （SI） on the reproductive development of young
mice. METHODS C57BL/6 young mice were randomly divided into control group， SI low-dose and high-dose groups （10， 100
mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group （half male and half female）. The young mice in each group were given corresponding liquid
intragastrically， once a day， for 2 consecutive weeks. After the last administration， the percentage of body weight increase was
calculated； serum estradiol and testosterone levels， malondialdehyde （MDA） content， total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC），
superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） activities in the reproductive organs of the young mice were
determined. The histopathological changes in the reproductive organs were observed. The cell apoptosis of reproductive organs was
detected. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the percentage of body weight increase in female mice was increased
significantly in the SI high-dose group， while that of male mice was decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Cystic follicles
could be seen in the ovarian tissue in SI groups， a loose arrangement of spermatocytes could be seen in the testicular tissue， and
partial epithelial cell shedding could be seen in epididymal tissue. The serum level of testosterone in female young mice and the
serum levels of testosterone and estradiol in male young mice in SI groups， GSH-Px activity in the ovarian tissue of female young
mice in the SI low-dose group， T-AOC activities in the ovarian tissue of female young mice in SI groups as well as the apoptotic
rates of cells in testicular and epididymal tissue of male young mice in SI groups were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜
0.01）； the serum level of estradiol in female young mice in SI groups， SOD activity in the ovarian tissue of female young mice in
the SI high-dose group， and MDA contents in the ovarian tissue of female young mice in SI groups as well as the apoptotic rates of
cells in ovarian tissue of female mice in SI groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS SI can
enhance the antioxidant stress capacity of ovarian tissue in
Δ 基金项目 国家重点研发计划项目（No.2018YFC1003601） female young mice and reduce their oxidative stress damage，
＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：生物化学、分子生物学。E-
but it has certain toxicity to reproductive organs in male mice.
mail：594994263@qq.com
# 通信作者 副教授，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：男性生殖、发 KEYWORDS soybean isoflavones； young mice； reproductive
育生物学。E-mail：shihui@ytu.edu.cn development； reproductive organ； toxicity
· 678 · China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 6 中国药房 2024年第35卷第6期
