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金莲花的本草考证
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          蔡红业    1, 2* ,吴 谨 ,王雪莲 ,王桂红 ,詹志来 ,郑国华 ,胡俊杰 (1. 麻城市人民医院药剂科,湖北 麻城
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          438300;2.湖北中医药大学药学院,武汉 430065;3.中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京 100700)
          中图分类号  R282.71      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)21-2678-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.21.19
          摘   要  金莲花为我国传统中药材,但2020年版《中国药典》(一部)未收载金莲花药材,其来源不明确,相关的考证研究也不够系
          统全面。本文通过查阅历代本草、医籍及相关文献资料,对金莲花药材名称、基原、产地进行系统的本草考证,以期为金莲花药材
          的临床应用和资源开发提供参考。经考证后可知,历代主流以“金莲花”为正名,尚有旱金莲、金梅草等多个异名,多源于其生长环
          境及外观形态,通过品种分布可推测清代及以前金莲花主流基原为Trollius chinensis Bge.。据历代文献记载,金莲花药材多产于
          河北、内蒙古、山西等北方地区,这与金莲花喜阴湿、高寒环境有关。基于考证结论,笔者建议后续相关标准收载金莲花药材时,选
          用历代主流基原T. chinensis Bge.的干燥花。
          关键词  金莲花;名称;基原;产地;本草考证

          Herbal textual research on Flos Trollii
          CAI Hongye ,WU Jin ,WANG Xuelian ,WANG Guihong ,ZHAN Zhilai ,ZHENG Guohua ,HU Junjie               2
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                      1, 2
         (1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Macheng  Municipal  People’s  Hospital,  Hubei  Macheng  438300,  China;2.  School  of
          Pharmacy,  Hubei  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Wuhan  430065,  China;3.  National  Resource  Center  for
          Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China)
          ABSTRACT    Flos Trollii is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb in China. The 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (part
          1)  did  not  include  the  medicinal  herb,  its  source  is  not  clear,  and  there  is  a  lack  of  relevantly  systematic  and  comprehensive
          research.  By  consulting  ancient  Chinese  herbal  medicines,  medical  books  and  related  literature,  the  textual  research  of  Flos Trollii
          was conducted to verify the name, origin and producing area, so as to provide a reference for the clinical application and resource
          development of Flos Trollii. Through textual research, it could be seen that the name “Jinlianhua” was used as the correct name in
          the mainstream origin of the past dynasties, and there were still multiple synonyms such as Hanjinlian, Jinmeicao and so on, most
          of which originated from its growth environment and appearance. According to the distribution of varieties, it could be inferred that
          the  mainstream  origin  of  Flos  Trollii  in  the  Qing  Dynasty  and  before  was  Trollius  chinensis  Bge. According  to  historical  records,
          Flos Trollii were mostly produced in northern regions such as Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, etc., which was related to the fact
          that  Flos  Trollii  liked  cloudy,  humid  and  cold  environments.  Based  on  the  textual  research  results,  the  author  suggested  that  the
          mainstream origin of the past dynasties T. chinensis Bge. should be selected for subsequent collection of Flos Trollii.
          KEYWORDS     Trollius chinensis; name; origin; producing area; herbal textual research


              金莲花为我国传统中药材,始载于清代赵学敏的                           区现行标准中将短瓣金莲花 Trollius ledebouri Reichb、
         《本草纲目拾遗》,其味滑苦,无毒,性寒,主治口疮喉肿、                          长瓣金莲花Trollius macropetalus Fr. Schmidt.、宽瓣金莲
          浮热牙宣、耳疼目痛,具有明目、解岚瘴的功效,临床常                           花 Trollius asiaticus L. 用作金莲花药材使用,如《黑龙江
          用于上呼吸道感染、咽炎、扁桃体炎等。现代研究表明,                           省中药材标准》(2001 年版) 、《黑龙江省中药饮片炮制
                                                                                     [3]
          金莲花主要含有黄酮类、有机酸类、生物碱类、香豆素                            规范》(2012年版) 。2020年版《中国药典》(一部)收载
                                                                             [4]
          类、多糖类化合物,具有抗菌、抗炎、镇痛、抗氧化、抗病
                                                              了金莲花口服液、金莲花片、金莲花胶囊、金莲花颗粒、
                            [1]
          毒、抗癌等药理活性 。目前仅 1977 年版《中国药典》
                                                              金莲花润喉片以及金莲清热颗粒等由金莲花组成的成
         (一部)收载了金莲花,并规定其为毛茛科金莲花属植物
                                                                              [5]
                                                              方制剂和单味制剂 ,但未收载金莲花药材。
                                           [2]
          金莲花Trollius chinensis Bge.的干燥花 。同时,有些地
                                                                  近代以来,少数学者对金莲花药材进行过考证。如
              Δ 基金项目 中央本级重大增减支项目(No.2060302)                  祁振声 发现,近、现代不少文献将原产于南美洲的旱金
                                                                    [6]
             *第一作者 中药师,硕士。研究方向:中药新制剂、新剂型。
                                                              莲 Tropaeolum majus L. 翻译成金莲花,经考证发现旱金
          E-mail:786126871@qq.com
                                                              莲的命名是错误的,其根源于吴其濬的《植物名实图
              # 通信作者 高级实验师,博士。研究方向:中药物质基础及作用
                                                                        [7]
          机制。电话:027-68890111。E-mail:hero0712@163.com          考》;耿鉴庭 简单罗列了金莲花的记载,但未进行名称
          · 2678 ·    China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 21                            中国药房  2023年第34卷第21期
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