Page 137 - 《中国药房》2023年18期
P. 137

3.6 CYX-6                                              (ADRs)reported  to  EudraVigilance(EV)and  the  FDA
              CYX-6 为 MOR 激动/DOR 和 KOR 拮抗剂,相关研                    adverse event reporting system(FAERS)[J]. Pharmaceuti‐
          究尚处于动物模型阶段。大鼠模型研究结果表明,                                  cals(Basel),2022,15(6):675.
          CYX-6 的镇痛作用比吗啡更强,对肠道的影响很小,较                        [ 6 ]  STEIN C. Opioid receptors[J]. Annu Rev Med,2016,67:
                                                                  433-451.
          少 导 致 便 秘 和 腹 泻 ,且 没 有 显 示 出 呼 吸 抑 制 的 副
                                                             [ 7 ]  NEGUS S S,BEAR A E,FOLK J E,et al. Role of delta
          作用 。
              [43]
                                                                  opioid  efficacy  as  a  determinant  of  mu/delta  opioid
          3.7 ATPM-ET
                                                                  interactions in rhesus monkeys[J]. Eur J Pharmacol,2009,
              ATPM-ET 为 KOR 激动/MOR 拮抗剂,属于在研药
                                                                  602(1):92-100.
          物。以昆明小鼠为模型的实验表明,其镇痛时间较吗啡                           [ 8 ]  BRUCHAS M R,LAND B B,CHAVKIN C. The dynor‐
          更持久,副作用更弱,且能减弱小鼠服用吗啡后的条件                                phin/kappa opioid system as a modulator of stress-induced
          位置偏好,表现出治疗药物滥用的潜力 。                                     and  pro-addictive  behaviors[J].  Brain  Res,2010,1314:
                                           [44]
          4 结语                                                    44-55.
              阿片类药物有强效的镇痛效果,是中重度疼痛治疗                         [ 9 ]  FAOUZI A,VARGA B R,MAJUMDAR S. Biased opioid
          的一线药物,也是围手术期、慢性疼痛、癌痛等的重要治                               ligands[J]. Molecules,2020,25(18):4257.
          疗药物。然而该类中的部分药物单纯激动 MOR,可能                          [10]  PAWAR A,RAJALAKSHMI A K,UPADHYAY R P. Pen‐
                                                                  tazocine  use  among  people  who  inject  drugs  in  India[J].
          导致严重的不良反应(如呼吸抑制、恶心呕吐),从而限
                                                                  Asian J Psychiatr,2015,16:3-6.
          制了其的临床使用。阿片受体激动-拮抗剂在成瘾性、
                                                             [11]  MAHAPATRA S J,JAIN S,BOPANNA S,et al. Pentazo‐
          呼吸抑制、便秘等方面较阿片受体激动剂有了极大的改
                                                                  cine,a kappa-opioid agonist,is better than diclofenac for
          善,使其广泛应用于临床,改善了患者的药物依从性和
                                                                  analgesia  in  acute  pancreatitis:a  randomized  controlled
          生活质量。本文总结发现,阿片受体激动-拮抗剂在不                                trial[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2019,114(5):813-821.
          同受体间具有不同的倾向性作用,基于不同受体亚型,                           [12]  SAHU  K  K,SAWATKAR  G  U,SAHU  S  A,et  al.
          可在情绪、依赖方面表现出不同甚至相反的作用,因此                                Pentazocine-induced skin ulcers[J]. Am J Med Sci,2020,
          合理地使用这类药物可以有效减少阿片类药物导致的                                 359(3):182-183.
          不良反应以及药物滥用的发生。现有的研究中,KOR激                          [13]  JI J F,LIN W Z,VRUDHULA A,et al. Molecular interac‐
          动剂的研究相对较多,而 DOR 和 NOR 激动剂的研究相                           tion between butorphanol and κ-opioid receptor[J]. Anesth
          对较少。随着学界对内源性阿片各受体亚型及相关药                                 Analg,2020,131(3):935-942.
          物研究的深入,阿片受体激动-拮抗剂在改善阿片类药                           [14]  ZHANG C Y,JIANG S L,LU Y,et al. Butorphanol tar‐
                                                                  trate mitigates cellular senescence against tumor necrosis
          物不良反应和提高患者药物依从性方面有着广泛的应
                                                                  factor-α(TNF-α)in human HC-a chondrocytes[J]. Bioen‐
          用空间和前景。
                                                                  gineered,2022,13(3):5434-5442.
          参考文献
                                                             [15]  HUANG  Y  S,LI  S  H,CHEN  H  X,et  al.  Butorphanol
          [ 1 ]  LAMBERT D G. The nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor:a   reduces the neuronal inflammatory response and apoptosis
              target  with  broad  therapeutic  potential[J].  Nat  Rev  Drug   via  inhibition  of  p38/JNK/ATF2/p53  signaling[J].  Exp
              Discov,2008,7(8):694-710.                           Ther Med,2022,23(3):229.
          [ 2 ]  THOMPSON  G  L,LANE  J  R,COUDRAT  T,et  al.          [16]  ZHANG J,MIAO S,TU Q,et al. Effect of butorphanol on
              Biased  agonism  of  endogenous  opioid  peptides  at  the       opioid-induced cough:a meta-analysis of randomized con‐
              μ -opioid  receptor[J].  Mol  Pharmacol,2015,88(2):  trolled  trials[J].  Drug  Des  Devel  Ther,2018,12:3263-
              335-346.                                            3268.
          [ 3 ]  VALENTINO R J,VOLKOW N D. Untangling the com‐  [17]  ZHU  Z,ZHANG W.  Efficacy  and  safety  of  butorphanol
              plexity  of  opioid  receptor  function[J].  Neuropsychophar‐  use  in  patient-controlled  analgesia:a  meta-analysis[J].
              macology,2018,43(13):2514-2520.                     Evid  Based  Complement  Alternat  Med,2021,2021:
          [ 4 ]  JASCHKE N,PÄHLIG S,PAN Y X,et al. From pharma‐   5530441.
              cology  to  physiology:endocrine  functions  of  μ -opioid      [18]  LABIB  A,JU  T,LIPMAN  Z  M,et  al.  Evaluating  the
              receptor networks[J]. Trends Endocrinol Metab,2021,32  effectiveness  of  intranasal  butorphanol  in  reducing
              (5):306-319.                                        chronic itch[J]. Acta Derm Venereol,2022,102:adv00729.
          [ 5 ]  CHIAPPINI  S,VICKERS-SMITH  R,GUIRGUIS  A,et   [19]  SHAH B,GUPTA R,SARKAR S,et al. Injection butor‐
              al. Pharmacovigilance signals of the opioid epidemic over   phanol  dependence:a  case  report[J].  Asian  J  Psychiatr,
              10 years:data mining methods in the analysis of pharma‐  2018,35:45-46.
              covigilance  datasets  collecting  adverse  drug  reactions  [20]  DELANDER G E,PORTOGHESE P S,TAKEMORI A E.


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第18期                                              China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 18    · 2303 ·
   132   133   134   135   136   137   138   139   140